1. 什么是反射?
指的是在程序运行过程中可以"动态(不见棺材不掉泪)"获取对象的信息
2. 为何要用反射?
3. 如何实现反射?
class People:
def __init__(self,name,age):
self.name=name
self.age=age
def say(self):
print('<%s:%s>' %(self.name,self.age))
obj=People('辣白菜同学',18)
实现反射机制的步骤
- 先通过多dir:查看出某一个对象下可以.出哪些属性来
print(dir(obj))
- 可以通过字符串反射到真正的属性上,得到属性值
print(obj.__dict__[dir(obj)[-2]])
四个内置函数的使用:通过字符串来操作属性值
- hasattr()
print(hasattr(obj,'name'))
print(hasattr(obj,'x'))
- getattr()
print(getattr(obj,'name'))
- setattr()
setattr(obj,'name','EGON') # obj.name='EGON'
print(obj.name)
- delattr()
delattr(obj,'name') # del obj.name
print(obj.__dict__)
res1=getattr(obj,'say') # obj.say
res2=getattr(People,'say') # People.say
print(res1)
print(res2)
obj=10
if hasattr(obj,'x'):
print(getattr(10,'x'))
else:
pass
print(getattr(obj,'x',None))
if hasattr(obj,'x'):
setattr(obj,'x',111111111) # 10.x=11111
else:
pass
class Ftp:
def put(self):
print('正在执行上传功能')
def get(self):
print('正在执行下载功能')
def interactive(self):
method=input(">>>: ").strip() # method='put'
if hasattr(self,method):
getattr(self,method)()
else:
print('输入的指令不存在')
obj=Ftp()
obj.interactive()