python之类和对象

#对象=属性+方法
class Turtle:#python中的类名称一般大写字母开
    weight=10
    legs=4#属性
    def climb(self):
        print('我正飞快的向前跑')#方法

class A:
    def fun(self):
        print('woshixiaoa')
class B:
    def fun(self):
        print('woshixiaob')

class Ball:#self表示当前对象
    def setName(self,name):
        self.name=name
    def kick(self):
        print('我叫%s,谁踢我'%self.name)

a=Ball()
a.setName('A')
a.kick()

构造方法：

#__init__(self,param1,param2)
class Ball2:
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
    def kick(self):
        print('我叫%s,谁踢我'%self.name)
b=Ball2('B')
b.kick()

私有化：加__

class Person:
    __name="小甲鱼"
    def getName(self):
        return self.__name

p=Person()
p.getName()
#or p._Person__name

继承：

class Parent:
    def hello(self):
        print('正在调用父类的方法')

class Child(Parent):
    pass
p=Parent()
p.hello()
#如果子类中定义与父类同名的方法或属性，则会自动覆盖父类对应的方法和属性

import random as r
class Fish:
    def __init__(self):
        self.x=r.randint(0,10)
        self.y=r.randint(0,10)

    def move(self):
        self.x-=1
        print('我的位置是：',self.x,self.y)

class Goldfish(Fish):
    pass

class Carp(Fish):
    pass

class Shark(Fish):
    def __init__(self):
    	Fish.__init__(self)
        self.hungry=True

    def eat(self):
        if self.hungry:
            print("吃吃吃")
            self.hungry=False
        else:
            print('吃不下了')
            

组合：

#组合
class Turtle:
    def __init__(self,x):
        self.num=x
class Fish:
    def __init__(self,x):
        self.num=x
class Pool:
    def __init__(self,x,y):
        self.turtle=Turtle(x)
        self.fish=Fish(y)

    def print_num(self):
        print("水池里有乌龟%d只，小鱼%d只"%(self.turtle.num,self.fish.num))
pool=Pool(11,100)
pool.print_num()

class C:
    def x(self):
        print('x-man')

c=C()
c.x()#输出x-man
c.x=1#赋值后c.x()不能调用

一些bif：

#issubclass(class,classinfo)判断是否为
class A:
    pass
class B(A):
    pass

issubclass(B,A)#B是A类的子类， 返回True。否则返回False
issubclass(B,B)
issubclass(B,object)#都为true

#isinstance(object, classinfo)如果参数object是classinfo的实例,返回true
class Person(object):
    pass
obj = Person()
isinstance(obj, Person)#true

#hasattr(object,name)函数用于判断对象是否包含对应的属性
#getattr(object,name,default)
#setattr(object,name,value)
#delattr(object,name)