四级作文笔记

文章分类

1. 观点类：介绍一个有争议的观点或者话题
2. 现象类：分析一个现象背后的原因和结果
3. 谚语类：阐述一个谚语并分析
4. 图画类：描述图画并解释
5. 图表类：描述图表并分析
6. 介绍类：介绍某件事物并解释
7. 信件类：写信描述某件事物并解释

命题类文章框架

开头段

主要目的

引出话题（图表描述，谚语引出、个人观点）	

具体写法

话题引起

1. There is a growing worldwide/ national awareness of…
2. There ihas been a heated discussion/ debate about…
3. There is a growing tendency nowadays that…
4. Recently, the problem of … has aroused wide/deep/great concern among the public.
5. Nobody could have failed to notice the fact that … has become a grave problem(负面的）/ popular（正面的） phenomenon in China

图画/表描述

图画表述的基本要点：

1. 审题（黑色加粗体）
2. 读图：找核心
3. 译文；理解就行
   As is shown in the picture/ cartoon/ photography shown/ indicated/ depicted
   地点（可以是在图片中的位置，可以是图片所显示的位置） + 人+ 什么情况下 + 做什么事情

图表表述的基本要点：

1. According to the chart/ figure, we can see that the number/ proportion/ percentage/ amount of (主题) + 变化 + 程度 + 范围
2. 静态图：
   是： is， was are were
   占有： represent, account for
   由……组成：consist of …, becomposed of …
3. 动态图
   基本公式：the number of 主题 + 变化 + 程度 + 范围

上升: increase, grow, rise, ascend
下降: decrease, decline, diminish, decend, fall
程度：slightly, slowly, steadily, significantly, sharply
注意：有的时候可以用the year of + 数字表示年份

图画/图表总结（用来增加第一段的字数）

1. simple as the picture is, the meaning is as deep as ocean.
2. But is this what the author tries to tell us ? Certainly not.
3. Isolated as the figures seem to be, as a matter of fact, they are connected to one another closely.

谚语说明：

A （引出谚语）+ B（解释谚语）

A part:

1. It is a truth universally/ widly/ generally/ believed/ known acknowledged that …
2. A famous saying goes “…”
3. People often say, " ". Ironically, it is easier to say than to do

B part:
This saying/ proverb indicates…

1. the relation between A and B
2. the definition of A
3. the impact of A on B

中间段

主要目的

阐释话题（原因后果、对立观点、举例论证）
具体意义 + 不同论证方法

具体写法

0. 图表，谚语类分析
   1/
   Undoubltedly, the purpose of this topic is to show us that due attention should be paid to …
   2/
   Obviously, this picture/ chart/ proverb canbe naturally associated with …
   3/
   In contemporary society, it has become a trend for … to develop speedily.

1. 对立观点论证
   A（争议）+ B（正方观点/反方观点）+ D（总结）
   A part
   1/
   When it comes to …, views vary from person to person.
   2/
   Opinions vary when it comes to …
   3/
   There is much controversy over …
   4/
   In fact, the issue of … has long been a heated discussion.
   B part
   正方观点
   1/
   For one thing, as is indicated in the popular wisdon( that …) + 原因, there is always a reasy to say “Yes”。
   2/
   Moreover, some people argue that …(理由）。
   3/
   For example, …
   反方观点
   1/
   On the other hand, a majority/ minority of people maintain that （观点）
   2/
   To begin with, Furthermore … .
   3/
   Nevertheless, other people adopt a completely different view, arguing that…

2. 原因结果
   A（引出原因） + B（具体原因） + C（结果）
   A part
   1/
   Why, you may wonder, does this phenomenon arise?
   2/
   Thereasons for this social phenomenon are as follows.
   3/
   There are mainly two factors contributing to this social phenomenon.
   B part
   1/
   To begin with, In addition, Last but not least
   2/
   Most importantly, Primarily
   C part
   1/
   As a matterr of fact …, in large numbers have come to realize …
   2/
   As a consequence（坏的结果）,the problem of … becomes increasingly serious.

3. 举例论证
   A（引出例子） + B（总结例子）
   A part
   1/
   For example, for instance, Such as, like
   2/
   I can think of no better examples than the following one(s).
   3/
   Numerous illustrations can be given, but this will suffice.
   4/
   Sb., honored for his success in …, is always remenbered by his …, which hines through every chpter. page of his life
   [Steve Jobs, honored for his success in Apple Corporation, is always remenbered by his creativity, which hines through every chapter of his life.]
   B part
   1/
   The case of … tells us that …
   2/
   The experience of … teels us that …
   C part（增强权威性）
   1/
   A recent newspaper report on a survey among college students states that …

• More examples can be added.

结尾段

主要目的

个人评论 + 建议措施+ 憧憬未来

具体写法

A（归纳） + B（建议） + C（总结）
A part
1/
From my perspective,
2/
From my point of view,
3/
Tomy way of thinking,
4/
As far as I am concerned,
5/
So far as I am concerned,
6/
From what has been discussed above
7/
Judging from all evidence offered, we may safely draw a conclusion that…

B part
1/
The situation being so serious, it is high time that we took effective actions to solve the problem.
2/
There is little doubt/ no denying that further attention must be paid to the problem/ phenomenon of…
3/
In terms …, what we should do is to absorb the essence and neglect the drawbacks.
4/
不同主题不同的做法
C part
1/
If we woek on … from now on, in the near future, we will bot be overwhelmed by the same dilemmma.
2/
Only with these measures taken can we …
3/
Only in this way can we …
4/
Since there are so many advantanges of …, it is not difficult to understand why the situation will be going on for the better.