Ubuntu20.04 下 rstudio 安装教程（附安装包下载）

文章目录

前言

一、下载 deb 包

二、引入 rstudio 安装密匙

1. 获取公钥

2. 验证构建签名

三、安装 rstudio

四、检验安装

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前言

本以为 Ubuntu 下 rstudio 安装也只是简单的安装包安装过程，但是在安装过程中碰了不少壁，最后也是成功安装了，分享一波安装经验。

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一、下载 deb 包

rstudio 官网下载地址如下：

https://www.rstudio.com/products/rstudio/download/#download

没得科学上网工具根本进不去，所以这里我提供了 amd64 的 deb 包下载：

https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_46584887/20305582

下载完成后，进入下载目录。

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二、引入 rstudio 安装密匙

1. 获取公钥

创建 keys.txt 文件，复制下面完整密钥公钥到文本文件内并保存。

-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
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=WoWq
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

导入并信任 RStudio 的公共代码签名密钥。打开终端，使用 gpg 从我们刚才的 keys.txt 文件中获取公钥：

gpg --import keys.txt

输出如下：

/home/zq/Downloads> gpg --import keys.txt
gpg: key 3F32EE77E331692F: "RStudio, Inc. (code signing) <info@rstudio.com>" not changed
gpg: Total number processed: 1
gpg:              unchanged: 1
/home/zq/Downloads>  

2. 验证构建签名

在基于 Debian 的 Linux 系统上，使用 dpkg-sig 命令来验证签名。若尚未安装 dpkg-sig 软件包，可以使用以下命令安装：

sudo apt-get install dpkg-sig

接着执行以下命令： 

dpkg-sig --verify rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb

输出如下：

/home/zq/Downloads> dpkg-sig --verify rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb
Processing rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb...
GOODSIG _gpgbuilder FE8564CFF1AB93F1728645193F32EE77E331692F 1621900781
/home/zq/Downloads>  

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三、安装 rstudio

注意：这里不能使用常用的 dpkg 安装方法，例如我的电脑出现了如下报错：

/home/zq/Downloads> sudo dpkg -i rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb
[sudo] password for zq: 
Selecting previously unselected package rstudio.
(Reading database ... 531460 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb ...
Unpacking rstudio (1.4.1717) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of rstudio:
 rstudio depends on libclang-dev; however:
  Package libclang-dev is not installed.

dpkg: error processing package rstudio (--install):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.3+18.04.20180207.2-0ubuntu2) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.24-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.64ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.15-1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 rstudio
/home/zq/Downloads> 

在缺少插件的情况下，dpkg 仍然给我安装了 rstudio，虽然 rstudio 安装后能正常使用，但是却导致我的 apt 工具直接瘫痪了，所以这里我们使用另一个安装包工具，打开终端，安装 gdebi。

sudo apt-get install gdebi

接着通过 deb 包安装 rstudio ：

sudo gdebi rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb

出现如下报错：

/home/zq/Downloads> sudo gdebi rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Reading state information... Done
This package is uninstallable
Cannot install 'libclang-dev'

/home/zq/Downloads>

参考此篇文章，安装 libclang-dev 插件：

Cannot install ‘libclang-dev‘--Ubuntu20.04 安装 libclang-dev 插件

继续执行安装命令，安装成功！

/home/zq/Downloads> sudo gdebi rstudio-1.4.1717-amd64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Reading state information... Done
Requires the installation of the following packages: libclang-10-dev libclang-dev

RStudio
        RStudio is a set of integrated tools designed to help you be more productive with R. It includes a console, syntax-highlighting editor that supports direct code execution, as well as tools for plotting, history, and workspace management.
Do you want to install the software package? [y/N]:y
/usr/bin/gdebi:113: FutureWarning: Possible nested set at position 1
         c = findall("[[(](\S+)/\S+[])]", msg)[0].lower()
Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu focal/universe amd64 libclang-10-dev amd64 1:10.0.0-4ubuntu1 [19.4 MB]

/home/zq/Downloads>

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四、检验安装

打开终端，键入 rstudio，

 软件正常打开，安装成功！

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