【JDBC-1】获取数据库的连接方式

package day01;

import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Driver;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ConnectionTest {
    //方式1：
    @Test
    public void testConnection1 ()throws SQLException
    {
        //获取driver的实现类对象
        Driver driver=new com.mysql.jdbc.Driver();

        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
        //将用户名和密码封装在Properties中
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","345803");

        Connection connect = driver.connect(url, info);
        System.out.println(connect);
    }

    //方式2：对方式1的迭代，不出现第三方的API，具有更好的可移植性
    public void testConnection2() throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
        //1.获取driver的实现类对象，用反射来实现
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver) clazz.newInstance();

        //2.提供要连接的数据库的url
        String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
        //将用户名和密码封装在Properties中
        Properties info = new Properties();
        info.setProperty("user","root");
        info.setProperty("password","345803");
        //4.获取链接
        Connection connect = driver.connect(url, info);
        System.out.println(connect);
    }

    //方式3：使用DriverManager来替换Driver
    @Test
    public void testConnection3() throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
        //1.获取driver的实现类对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        Driver driver = (Driver) clazz.newInstance();
        //2.获取另外的三个基本信息
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
        String user="root";
        String password="345803";

        DriverManager.registerDriver(driver);
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式4：可以只是加载驱动，不用注册驱动了
    @Test
    public void testConnection4() throws ClassNotFoundException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, SQLException {
        //1.获取driver的实现类对象
        Class clazz = Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        //2.获取另外的三个基本信息
        String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test";
        String user="root";
        String password="345803";
        //可以省略注册驱动这一步，因为源码中已经new了一个driver

        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

        System.out.println(connection);
    }

    //方式5：将基本信息声明在配置文件，通过读取文件的方式获取连接
    //实现了数据和代码的分离，实现了解除耦合
    //如果需要修改配置文件信息，可以不用再次打包
    @Test
    public void testConnection5() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {

        //1.读取基本信息
        InputStream is = ConnectionTest.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("jdbc.properties");
        Properties pros=new Properties();
        pros.load(is);
        String user = pros.getProperty("user");
        String password = pros.getProperty("password");
        String url = pros.getProperty("url");
        String driverClass = pros.getProperty("driverClass");

        //2.加载驱动
        Class.forName(driverClass);
        //3.获取连接
        Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
        System.out.println(connection);
    }
}