Python编程：从入门到实践第六章读书笔记6.3遍历字典

Python编程：从入门到实践第六章读书笔记6.3遍历字典

#coding:gbk

#6.3.1遍历所有的键-值对
user_0  = {
    'username': 'efermi',
    'first': 'enrico',
    'last': 'fermi',
    }
    
for key,value in user_0.items():
	print("\nkey: " + key)
	print("\nvalue: " + value)

#favorite_language.py
favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
for name, language in favorite_languages.items():
	print(name.title() + "'s favorite language is " + language + ".")

#6.3.2遍历字典中的所有键
favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
for name in favorite_languages.keys():    #在不需要使用字典中的值时，方法keys()很有用
	print(name.title())
	
	
for name in favorite_languages:    #遍历字典时，会默认遍历所有的键，因此当发生此行代码的替换时，输出将不变;若显式地使用方法.keys()可让代码更容易理解，但如果你愿意，你也可以省略之
	print(name)

favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
friends = ['phil','sarah']
for name in favorite_languages.keys():
	print(name.title())
	if name in friends:
		print("Hi " + name.title() +
		    ", I see your favorite language is " +      #此处曾报错TypeError: can only concatenate str (not "builtin_function_or_method") to str
		    favorite_languages[name].title() + "!")     #原因：此行的.title后忘加()
		    
favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
if 'erin' not in favorite_languages.keys():
	print("Erin, please take our poll!")


#6.3.3按顺序遍历字典中的所有键
favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
    
for name in sorted(favorite_languages.keys()):    #sorted()的运用
	print(name.title() + ", thank you for taking the poll!")
	

#6.3.4遍历字典中的所有值
favorite_languages = {
    'jen': 'python',
    'sarah': 'c',
    'edward': 'ruby',
    'phil': 'python',
    }
print("The following languages have been mentioned: ")
for language in favorite_languages.values():   #.values()返回所有的值
	print(language)

print("The following languages have been mentioned: ")   #set()剔除所有的重复项，保证每个元素是独一无二的
for language in set(favorite_languages.values()):
	print(language)