HttpClient工具类

简介

HTTP 协议是 Internet 上使用得最多、最重要的协议之一，越来越多的 Java 应用程序需要直接通过 HTTP 协议来访问网络资源。虽然在 JDK 的 java net包中已经提供了访问 HTTP 协议的基本功能，但是对于大部分应用程序来说，JDK 库本身提供的功能还不够丰富和灵活。HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

使用httpClient

导入依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
	<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
	<version>4.5.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
	<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
	<version>1.2.33</version>
</dependency>

编写httpClient工具类

public class HttpUtil {
    /**
     * 发送post请求
     * @param inurl
     * @param params
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static String readByPost(String inurl,String params) throws IOException {
        StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer();
        String strRead = null;
        URL url = new URL(inurl);
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
        connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
        connection.setDoInput(true);
        connection.setDoOutput(true);
        connection.connect();
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
        out.print(params);
        out.flush();
        InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8"));
        while((strRead = reader.readLine())!=null){
            sbf.append(strRead);
            sbf.append("\r\n");
        }
        reader.close();
        connection.disconnect();
        return sbf.toString();
    }
    /**
     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
     * @param url 发送请求的 URL
     * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。 
     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public String sendPost(String url, String param) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(param);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送POST请求出现异常:" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    public String sendPost(String url, Map<String, String> params) {
        try {
            String body = null;
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            HttpPost postMethod = new HttpPost(url);
            List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
                for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                    nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()));
                }
            }
            HttpEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "UTF-8");
            postMethod.setEntity(entity);
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(postMethod);
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            if (entity != null) {
                body = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
            }
            return body;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    public String sendGet(String url, Map<String, Object> params) {
        try {
            String body = null;
            List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
            if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
                for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : params.entrySet()) {
                    nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(entry.getKey(), (String) entry.getValue()));
                }
            }
            URIBuilder uriBuilder = new URIBuilder(url);
            uriBuilder.setParameters(nvps);
            HttpGet getMethod = new HttpGet(uriBuilder.build());
            CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
            CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(getMethod);
            HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
            if (httpEntity != null) {
                body = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8");
            }
            return body;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        }
    }

    /*入参说明
     *
     * param url 请求地址
     * param jsonObject 请求的json数据
     * param encoding 编码格式
     *
     * */
    public String jsonPost(String url, String json) {
        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
        HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
        String result = null;
        try {
            StringEntity s = new StringEntity(json);
            s.setContentEncoding("UTF-8");
            s.setContentType("application/json");//发送json数据需要设置contentType
            post.setEntity(s);
            HttpResponse res = httpclient.execute(post);
            result = EntityUtils.toString(res.getEntity(), "UTF-8");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求(为了解决坑爹的erp登录接口问题，用这个)
     * @param url 发送请求的 URL
     * @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public String jsonPost(String url, String param,String contentType) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", contentType);
            conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "UTF-8");
            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);

            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(param);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送POST请求出现异常:" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}

将Map集合转换成JSON格式的字符串

//转换成JSON格式的字符串
    public String toJsonString(Map map){
        JSONObject json = new JSONObject(map);
        String params = json.toString();
        System.out.println("输入参数json格式:"+params);
        return params;
    }