HDU - 7308 Operation Hope（ 2023“钉耙编程”中国大学生算法设计超级联赛第三场 I）

题目

$\text{Little Q}$ is playing an $\text{RPG}$ online game. In this game, there are $n$ characters labeled by $1,2,\dots ,n$. The i-th character has three types of quotas:

• $a_i$ - The maximum points of damage he can achieve in $15$ seconds.
• $b_i$ - The maximum points of damage he can achieve in $40$ seconds.
• $c_i$ - The maximum points of damage he can achieve in $120$ seconds.

You are the team leader working for the new balance between these $n$ characters, aiming at bringing hope to the weak characters. For each character, your teammates have made a plan to strengthen some skills such that the three quotas may be increased as a result. Note that it is not allowed to weaken characters, because it will make their owners upset.

To make a perfect balance, you need to accept some plans and deny others such that the gap between all the $n$ characters is minimized. Note that a plan can only be entirely accepted or entirely denied. Here, the gap is defined as:

$$\max (\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{a}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }{a}_i,\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{b}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }b,\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{c}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }{c}_i)$$

题目大意

小$\text{Q}$ 正在玩一款 $\text{RPG}$(开放世界游戏)。

在这个游戏中，有 $n$ 个角色被标记为 $1,2,\cdots ,n$。第 $i$ 个角色有三种配额类型:

• $a_i$ -他在15秒内所能达到的最大伤害。

• $bi$ -他在40秒内所能达到的最大伤害。

• $ci$ -他在120秒内所能达到的最大伤害。

你是（万恶）善良的策划，为这 $n$ 个角色之间的新平衡而努力，旨在为弱势角色带来希望。对于每个角色，你的队友已经制定了一个计划来加强一些技能，这样三个配额可能会因此而增加。

注意，它不允许削弱角色，因为它会使他们的主人心烦意乱。

为了达到完美的平衡，你需要接受一些计划并拒绝其他计划，这样所有 $n$ 个角色之间的差距就会最小化。

请注意，计划只能被完全接受或完全拒绝。

这里，差距定义为

$$\max (\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{a}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }{a}_i,\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{b}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }b,\underset{1\le i\le n}{\max }{c}_i-\underset{1\le i\le n}{\min }{c}_i)$$

思路

一眼 $\text{2-SAT}$。（很明显，我不会）

难点在建图，我们发现对于这道题不是很好建图，于是我们曲线救国。

我们可以先二分答案，然后在判断二分的答案能否满足。

这时候我们建边就可以按如下方法建边：

• 对于两个角色，枚举他们选的方案。
• 如果他们选的方案会使得答案大于二分的值，则连边。（$2-SAT$ 的边，即一个方案和另一个枚举的方案的反方案）

然后就是一个 $2-SAT$ 版题了。

代码

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int T, n, a[200005][5], ans, k, mid, cnt, tot, vis[200005], q[200005], f[200005];
struct node {
    int id[200005], h, t, d;
    int get(int val) {
        if (h <= t)
            if (a[id[h]][d] < val - mid) {
                h++;
                return id[h - 1];
            }
        if (h <= t)
            if (a[id[t]][d] > val + mid) {
                t--;
                return id[t + 1];
            }
        return 0;
    }
} A[5];
bool cmp(int x, int y) { return a[x][k] < a[y][k]; }
void dfs(int x) {
    if (vis[x])
        return;
    vis[x] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
        while (1) {
            int to = A[i].get(a[x][i]);
            if (!to)
                break;
            dfs(to <= n ? to + n : to - n);
        }
    q[++tot] = x;
}
void ddfs(int x) {
    if (!vis[x])
        return;
    vis[x] = 0, f[x] = cnt;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++)
        while (1) {
            int to = A[i].get(a[x <= n ? x + n : x - n][i]);
            if (!to)
                break;
            ddfs(to);
        }
}
bool check() {
    cnt = tot = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n * 2; i++) vis[i] = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) A[i].h = 1, A[i].t = n * 2;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n * 2; i++)
        if (!vis[i])
            dfs(i);
    for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) A[i].h = 1, A[i].t = n * 2;
    for (int i = tot; i; i--)
        if (vis[q[i]])
            cnt++, ddfs(q[i]);
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        if (f[i] == f[i + n])
            return 0;
    return 1;
}
int main() {
    scanf("%d", &T);
    while (T--) {
        scanf("%d", &n);
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
            scanf("%d%d%d%d%d%d", &a[i][1], &a[i][2], &a[i][3], &a[i + n][1], &a[i + n][2], &a[i + n][3]);
        int minn = 1e9, maxn = -1e9;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n * 2; i++)
            for (int j = 1; j <= 3; j++) maxn = max(maxn, a[i][j]), minn = min(minn, a[i][j]);
        for (k = 1; k <= 3; k++) {
            for (int i = 1; i <= n * 2; i++) A[k].id[i] = i;
            A[k].h = 1, A[k].t = n * 2, A[k].d = k;
            sort(A[k].id + 1, A[k].id + n * 2 + 1, cmp);
        }
        int l = 0, r = maxn - minn;
        while (l <= r) {
            mid = (l + r) / 2;
            if (check())
                ans = mid, r = mid - 1;
            else
                l = mid + 1;
        }
        printf("%d\n", ans);
    }
    return 0;
}