playbook变量

1、变量命名
只能包含数字，下划线，字母
只能用下划线或字母开头
2、变量级别
全局：从命令行或配置文件中设定的
play：在play和相关结构中设定的
主机：由清单，事实收集或注册的任务
变量优先级设定：play>主机>全局
3、变量设定和使用方式
1.在playbook中直接定义变量

---
- name: test var
  hosts: all
  vars:
    - NAME: westosuser
  tasks:
    - name: create user
      user:
        name: "{
   {NAME}}" NAME的值，变量的表示方式
        state: present
    

2.在文件中定义变量

vim user_list.yml
---
NAME:westosuser
vim westos.yml
---
- name: Create User
  hosts:172.25.254.100
  vars_files: ./user_list.yml
  tasks:
    - name:create user
      user:
        name:"{
   {NAME}}"
        state:present
ansible-playbook westos.yml        

3.在清单里定义变量

inventory
[test]
172.25.254.100
[test:vars]
NAME:westoslinux
使清单生效
vim test.yml
---
- name: test
  hosts:test
  tasks:
    - name:create user
      user:
        name:"{
   {NAME}}"
        state:present
ansible-playbook test.yml

4.目录设定变量
group_vars 清单变量，目录中的文件名称与主机清单名称一致
host_vars 主机变量，目录中的文件名称与主机名称一致

vim group_vars/test
---
NAME: westoslinux1

vim test.yml
---
- name: test
  hosts: test
  tasks:
    - name:create user
      user:
        name:"{
   {NAME}}"
        state:present
       
ansible-playbook test.yml
vim test.yml
---
- name: test
  hosts: test
  tasks:
    - name:create user
      debug:
      msg:"{
   {NAME}}"
vim test.yml
---
- name: test
  hosts: test
  tasks:
    - name:create user
      debug:
      var:NAME

mkdir host_vars
cd host_vars/