Strig、Date和Calendar的相互转换和详情

Date类型时间转换为String类型

	Date date = new Date();
	SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
	String nowTime  = sdf.format(date);
	

String类型转换为Date类型时间

	SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd ");
	String s = "2011-07-09 "; 
	Date date = sdf.parse(s);
	

String类型转换为Date类型时间

    public static Date strToDateLong(String strDate) {
        SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-mm");
        ParsePosition pos = new ParsePosition(0);//用来标明解析开始位，其实也可以不明传pos的
        Date strtodate = formatter.parse(strDate, pos);
        return strtodate;
    }

Calender转String

	Calendar calendat = Calendar.getInstance();
	SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat( "yyyy-MM-dd ");
	String dateStr =sdf.format(nextStart.getTime())
	

String 转化Calendar

	String str="2012-5-27";
	
	SimpleDateFormat sdf= new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
	
	Date date =sdf.parse(str);
	
	Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
	
	calendar.setTime(date);

Calender转Date

   Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
   Date d = c.getTime();
   

Date转化为Calendar

    Date date=new Date();  
    Calendar cal=Calendar.getInstance();  
    cal.setTime(date);  
    

java.util.Calendar类:是一个日历类
Calendar类是一个抽象类,里边提供了很多操作日历字段的方法如：YEAR、 MONTH、 DAY OF MONTH、HOUR

1.Calendar类无法直接创建对象使用,里边有一个静态方法叫 getInstance(),getInstance()方法返回了 Calendar类的子类对象

Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();使用默认时区和语言环境获得一个日历。

calender方法：

public int get(int field)
// 返回给定日历字段的值

public void set(int field, int value)
// 将给定的日历字段设置为给定值。

public abstract void add(int field, int amount)
// 根据日历的规则,为给定的日历字段添加或减去指定的时间量。

public Date getTime()
// 返回一个表示此 Calendar时间值(从历元到现在的亳秒偏移量)的Date对象。

一、get()方法：返回给定日历字段的值

import java.util.Calendar;

public class DemoCalendarGet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 首先使用getInstance()方法获取calendar对象
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();

        // 调用get方法获取给定日历字段的值
        System.out.println(
                "年：" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "\n" +
                "月：" + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + "\n" +
                "一个月中的某一天：" + calendar.get(Calendar.DATE) + "\n" +
                "一个月中的某一天：" + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH) + "\n" +
                "时：" + calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR) + "\n" +
                "分：" + calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE) + "\n" +
                "秒：" + calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND)
        );
    }
}

二、set()方法：将给定日历字段设置为给定值

import java.util.Calendar;

public class DemoCalendarSet {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 首先使用getInstance()方法获取calendar对象
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        System.out.println("\n设置前");
        System.out.println(
                "年：" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "\n" +
                "月：" + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + "\n" +
                "一个月中的某一天：" + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)
        );

        // 将年设置为 2008
        calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, 2008);
        // 将月设置为 10
        calendar.set(Calendar.MONTH, 10);
        // 将日期设置为 3
        calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 3);
        System.out.println("\n分别设置后");
        System.out.println(
                "年：" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "\n" +

三、add()方法：根据日历规则，给定的日历字段添加或减去指定的时间量

import java.util.Calendar;

public class DemoCalendarAdd {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 首先使用getInstance()方法获取calendar对象
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        System.out.println("\n变化前");
        System.out.println(
                "年：" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "\n" +
                "月：" + calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH) + "\n" +
                "一个月中的某一天：" + calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)
        );

        // 把年减少两年
        calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, -2);
        // 把月份增加三个月
        calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH, 3);
        // 把日期增加10天
        calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 10);
        System.out.println("\n变化后");
        System.out.println(
                "年：" + calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "\n" +

时间工具类：
需求：输入2020输出2021，输入2020-11输出2020-12，输入2020-11-03输出2020-11-04

public String  getDate(String time) throws ParseException {
        String result = null;
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        SimpleDateFormat yearFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
        SimpleDateFormat monthFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM");
        SimpleDateFormat dayFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        SimpleDateFormat hourFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        int size = time.toCharArray().length;
        if(size == 4) {

            calendar.setTime(yearFormat.parse(time));
            calendar.add(Calendar.YEAR, 1);
            result = yearFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
        }
        else if(size == 7){
            calendar.setTime(monthFormat.parse(time));
            calendar.add(Calendar.MONTH,1);
            result = monthFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
        }
        else if(size == 10) {
            calendar.setTime(dayFormat.parse(time));
            calendar.add(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, 1);
            result = dayFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
        }
//        else if(size == 13) {
//            calendar.setTime(hourFormat.parse(time));
//            calendar.add(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, 1);
//            result = hourFormat.format(calendar.getTime());
//        }
        return result;

    }

需求：输入2020输出2020具体月份，输入2020-11输出2020年11月具体日，2020-11-03输出3号具体3号的24小时。

public class GetTimeUtil {
    public List<String > getDateList(String time) throws ParseException {
        Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
        List<String> result = new ArrayList<>();
        SimpleDateFormat yearFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy");
        SimpleDateFormat monthFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM");
        SimpleDateFormat dayFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        SimpleDateFormat hourFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        int size = time.toCharArray().length;
        if(size == 4){
            calendar.setTime(yearFormat.parse(time));
            int max = 11;
            int min = 0;
            for ( int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
                calendar.set(Calendar.MONTH,i);
                result.add(monthFormat.format(calendar.getTime()));
            }
        }
        else if(size == 7){

            calendar.setTime(monthFormat.parse(time));
            int max = calendar.getActualMaximum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
            int min = calendar.getActualMinimum(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH);
            for ( int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
                calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH,i);
                result.add(dayFormat.format(calendar.getTime()));
            }
        }
        else if(size == 10) {

            calendar.setTime(dayFormat.parse(time));
            int max = calendar.getActualMaximum(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
            int min = calendar.getActualMinimum(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY);
            for (int i = min; i <= max; i++) {
                calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, i);
                result.add(hourFormat.format(calendar.getTime()));
            }
        }
        return result;

    }
}