分组密码-python实现DES加密

这里仅对64位bit流进行操作，如果要求中文字符等，则还需要增加转换编码的步骤。
通过简单实现DES加密，理解DES过程。
1、 理解对称密码体制和分组密码算法的基本思想
2、 理解DES加密算法的基本原理
3、 掌握DES加密算法的输入输出格式和密钥格式
4、 掌握DES加密算法的加解密过程和实现方法

• 该习题同时是DES加密的具体实例。假设明文和密钥有相同的位模式，即：
用十六进制表示：0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
用二进制表示： 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111
1000 1001 1010 1011 1100 1101 1110 1111
1）推导第一轮的子密钥K1
2）推导L0，R0
3）扩展R0求E[R0]
4）计算A= E[R0]^ K1
5）把上题的48位结果分为6位的集合并求对应S盒代换的值
6）利用上题的结论求32位的结果B
7）应用置换求P(B)
8）计算R1=P(B)^ L0
9）写出密文

# IP置换表
IP = [58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
            60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
            62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
            64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
            57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1,
            59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
            61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
            63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7
            ]
# 逆IP置换表
IP_1 = [40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
             39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
             38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
             37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
             36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
             35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
             34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
             33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25
             ]
# S盒中的S1盒
S1 = [14, 4, 13, 1, 2, 15, 11, 8, 3, 10, 6, 12, 5, 9, 0, 7,
      0, 15, 7, 4, 14, 2, 13, 1, 10, 6, 12, 11, 9, 5, 3, 8,
      4, 1, 14, 8, 13, 6, 2, 11, 15, 12, 9, 7, 3, 10, 5, 0,
      15, 12, 8, 2, 4, 9, 1, 7, 5, 11, 3, 14, 10, 0, 6, 13
      ]
# S盒中的S2盒
S2 = [15, 1, 8, 14, 6, 11, 3, 4, 9, 7, 2, 13, 12, 0, 5, 10,
      3, 13, 4, 7, 15, 2, 8, 14, 12, 0, 1, 10, 6, 9, 11, 5,
      0, 14, 7, 11, 10, 4, 13, 1, 5, 8, 12, 6, 9, 3, 2, 15,
      13, 8, 10, 1, 3, 15, 4, 2, 11, 6, 7, 12, 0, 5, 14, 9
      ]
# S盒中的S3盒
S3 = [10, 0, 9, 14, 6, 3, 15, 5, 1, 13, 12, 7, 11, 4, 2, 8,
      13, 7, 0, 9, 3, 4, 6, 10, 2, 8, 5, 14, 12, 11, 15, 1,
      13, 6, 4, 9, 8, 15, 3, 0, 11, 1,