1.开发所需的工具是idea
2.首先我们导入所需要的jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.2.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0-b01</version>
</dependency>
3.因为这个不是maven所创建的项目,所以要在将所需的jar包加入到lib文件加中,lib文件自己创建,加入所需要的jar包
4.准备工作都做完以后,开始配置web.xml文件和springmvc文件
web.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5.springmvc.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 扫描注解的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhou.controller"/>
<!-- 静态资源的过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 驱动器的加载-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- springmvc的拦截器interceptor-->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!-- <mvc:interceptor>-->
<!-- <mvc:mapping path="/**"/>-->
<!-- -->
<!-- </mvc:interceptor>-->
<bean class="com.zhou.controller.Interceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
6.编写我们的实体类User
public class User {
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
set方法和get方法这里就省略了,按住Alt+Insert选择Getter和Setter即可
7.在WEB-INF中建立一个文件夹jsp,在jsp文件夹中新建两个jsp页面login.jsp和main.jsp(名字可以自己定义)
在login.jsp登陆页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
用户名: <input name="name" type="text"><br>
密码:<input name="pwd" type="text"><br>
<input type="submit" value="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
在main.jsp登陆成功页面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${sessionScope.username.name}
${sessionScope.username.pwd}
</body>
</html>
8.前端页面完成以后就开始着手写我们的控制层(controller),新建一个UserController.java
我们请求了两个value=“login”,但是要注意的是是两种不同的提交方式,一种是post方式,一种是get方式,method = RequestMethod.POST、method = RequestMethod.GET这两种是比较老的一种写法,现在一般直接将 @RequestMapping换成@GetMapping、@PostMapping即可
package com.zhou.controller;
import com.zhou.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(User user, HttpSession session, Model model){
String userName = user.getName();
String password = user.getPwd();
if(userName.equals("zhou")&&password.equals("1")){
session.setAttribute("username",user);
return "redirect:/main";
}
model.addAttribute("msg","用户名或者密码错误!");
return "login";
}
@RequestMapping(value ="main")
public String main(){
return "main";
}
@RequestMapping("/loginout")
public String loginout(){
return "index.jsp";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String login(){
return "login";
}
}
9.控制层完成以后就编写我们的核心了,Interceptor(拦截器),新创建一个类,并且实现HandlerInterceptor,里面的方法,可以按住Alt+Insert,选择Override and Methods实现里面的三个方法
package com.zhou.controller;
import com.zhou.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
public class Interceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
//获取登陆页面的URL
String requestURI = request.getRequestURI();
/*这里有两种写法:
1. if(requestURI.contains("login")){
return true;
2. if(requestURI.indexOf("login")>=0){
return true;
}
*/
// if(requestURI.indexOf("login")>=0){
// return true;
// }
//如果过的url包含了"login",则是返回true,让他继续向下执行
if(requestURI.contains("login")){
return true;
}
//通过request对象里面的方法getSession获取session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
//通过session获取UserController里面封装在session中的值”username“
User user1 = (User) session.getAttribute("username");
//如果获取的user1不为空,则返回true,继续向下执行
if(user1!=null){
return true;
}
request.setAttribute("msg","还没有登陆哦!");
//通过转发(forward)可以携带数据给前端
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request,response);
return false;
}
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
}
}
返回true则是让它向下执行
返回flase则是终止程序的执行
10.整个项目的目录
11.到这里就已经结束我们的代码之旅了
下面我们启动tomcat并且输入http://localhost:8080/springMVC_03_Interceptor_war_exploded/login
12.大家可以去尝试一下,祝大家一帆风顺