学习目标:
标准库类型
学习内容:
1.定义和初始化string对象
2.string对象上的操作
3.处理string对象中的字符
题目解析:
3.2
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
int mian()
{
using std::cin; using std::cout; using std::endl;
using std::string;
string s1;
while (cin >> s1);
cout << s1 << endl;
return 0;
}
3.3
string类的输入运算符遇到空白符结束拷贝
getline函数遇到空白符存入对象中
3.4
(1)
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string s1, s2;
cin >> s1 >> s2;
if (s1 == s2)
cout << "相等" << endl;
else {
if (s1 > s2)
cout << s1 << endl;
else
cout << s2 << endl;
}
return 0;
}
(2)
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string s1, s2;
cin >> s1 >> s2;
if (s1.size() == s2.size())
cout << "相等" << endl;
else {
if (s1.size() > s2.size())
cout << s1 << endl;
else
cout << s2 << endl;
}
return 0;
}
3.5
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string s1, s2;
while (cin >> s1)
s2 += s1 + " ";
cout << s2 << endl;
return 0;
}
3.6
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string y = "abcdEF";
char x = 'X';
for (decltype(y.size()) index = 0; index < y.size(); ++index)
y[index] = x;
cout << y << endl;
return 0;
}
3.7
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string y = "abcdEF aa";
for (char c : y)
c = 'X';
cout << y << endl;
return 0;
}
因为改变的是str的副本c,因此str本身不会改变。
3.8
(1)
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string y = "abbc ee.d";
decltype (y.size()) n = 0;
while (n != y.size())
{
y[n] = 'X';
++n;
}
cout << y << endl;
}
(2)
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string y = "abbc ee.d";
for (decltype(y.size()) index = 0; index < y.size(); ++index)
y[index] = 'X';
cout << y << endl;
}
在明确执行循环次数的情况下for形式更好用。
3.9
合法
3.10
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using std::cout; using std::cin; using std::endl;
using std::string;
int main()
{
string s = "ab bb;,bmm'.qp";
string vs;
for (auto &ss : s)
{
if (!ispunct(ss))
vs += ss;
}
cout << vs << endl;
}
3.11
合法,对const char的引用,c不能修改。