java之Swing图形界面（代码较多，功能说明在注释里）

目录

Swing简介和使用

 JDialog弹窗

Icon、ImageIcon标签

面板JPanel

滚动面板JScrollPanel

 图片按钮

单选框，多选框

单选框

多选框

 下拉框、列表框

列表框

列表框

文本框、密码框、文本域

文本框

密码框

 文本域

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Swing简介和使用

Swing是AWT的封装

功能更加全面

 

窗口、面板

public class JFrameDemo {

    //init();初始化

    public void init(){

        //JFrame是一个顶级窗口

        JFrame jf = new JFrame("这是一个JFrame窗口");

        jf.setVisible(true);

        jf.setBounds(100,100,200,200);

        //关闭事件

        //参数里面有，隐藏、什么都不做关闭、关闭、dispose(只剩下最后一个窗口时可以关闭)

        jf.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //设置文字

        JLabel jlabel = new JLabel("一个标签");

        jf.add(jlabel);

        //让文本内容居中

        jlabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        //和AWT不一样的地方

        //需要获得一个容器

        Container contentPane = jf.getContentPane();

        //容器中设置背景颜色

        contentPane.setBackground(Color.pink);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //建立一个窗口

        new JFrameDemo().init();

    }

}

 JDialog弹窗

//主窗口

public class DialogTest extends JFrame {

    public DialogTest(){

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(1,1,700,500);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西，容器

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //绝对布局，直接使用坐标定位

        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮

        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");

        jButton.setBounds(30,30,200,50);

        //点击这个按钮的时候弹出一个弹窗

        jButton.addActionListener((event)->{//监听器

            //弹出弹窗

            new MyDialog();

        });

        contentPane.add(jButton);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new DialogTest();

    }

}

class  MyDialog extends JDialog{

    public MyDialog() {

        this.setVisible(true);

        this.setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        //这里有默认关闭事件不用再添加关闭，会报错

//        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        JLabel label = new JLabel("XXX");

        //当设置了绝对布局时需要设定组件的坐标及大小

        label.setBounds(100,100,100,50);

        contentPane.add(label);

    }

}

点击后

Icon、ImageIcon标签

标签

new Jlabel("xxx")

图标

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo(){

        //获取图片的地址

        URL resource = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("1.png");

        System.out.println(resource);

        JLabel jlabel = new JLabel("imageIcon");

        //放入图片地址

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        jlabel.setIcon(imageIcon);

        jlabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        contentPane.add(jlabel);

        setVisible(true);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        setBounds(100,100,200,200);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new ImageIconDemo();

    }

}

面板JPanel

JPanel

public class TestJPanel extends JFrame {

    public TestJPanel(){

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        contentPane.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1,10,10));//后面两参数是间距

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));

        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,2));

        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,1));

        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2,2));

        //放这么多是为了测试间距

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel2.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel2.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel3.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel3.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("1"));

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(200,200,500,500);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        contentPane.add(jPanel1);

        contentPane.add(jPanel2);

        contentPane.add(jPanel3);

        contentPane.add(jPanel4);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestJPanel();

    }

}

 

滚动面板JScrollPanel

JScrollPanel

 

public class JScrollPanelTest extends JFrame {

    public JScrollPanelTest(){

        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域

        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);

        jTextArea.setText("djsakhozxchasdouifhaofjhaodfj");

        //JScroll面板

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(100,100,500,450);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

 

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new JScrollPanelTest();

    }

}

 图片按钮

public class JButtonDemo1 extends JFrame {

    public JButtonDemo1(){

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        URL resource = JButtonDemo1.class.getResource("1.png");

        Icon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        //将图片放在按钮

        JButton jButton = new JButton();

        jButton.setIcon(imageIcon);

        //按钮触摸提示

        jButton.setToolTipText("图片按钮");

        contentPane.add(jButton);

        setBounds(100,100,400,400);

        setVisible(true);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new JButtonDemo1();

    }

}

 

单选框，多选框

单选框

public JButtonDemo1(){

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //单选框

        JRadioButton jRadioButton1 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton01");

        JRadioButton jRadioButton2 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton02");

        JRadioButton jRadioButton3 = new JRadioButton("JRadioButton03");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，分组，一个组中只能选择一个

        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();

        //按钮进组

        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton1);

        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton2);

        buttonGroup.add(jRadioButton3);

        contentPane.add(jRadioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);

        contentPane.add(jRadioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        contentPane.add(jRadioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setBounds(100,100,400,400);

        setVisible(true);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 

多选框

  public JButtonDemo1(){

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

 //多选框

        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("checkBox01");

        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("checkBox02");

        contentPane.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        contentPane.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        setBounds(100,100,400,400);

        setVisible(true);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 下拉框、列表框

列表框

 public TestCombobox() {

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //创建下拉框

        JComboBox<Object> JComboBox = new JComboBox<>();

        //添加下拉框的内容

        JComboBox.addItem(null);

        JComboBox.addItem("正在上映");

        JComboBox.addItem("已下架");

        JComboBox.addItem("即将上映");

        contentPane.add(JComboBox,BorderLayout.NORTH);

setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

}

 

publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){

newTestCombobox();

}

}

列表框

应用场景：选择地区，或者一些单个选项。列表，展示信息，一般是动态扩容

public TestCombobox() {

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

    

//列表框的内容

        String[] contents={"1","2","3"};

        //列表中需要放内容

        //也可以放Vector

        JList<Object> JList = new JList<>(contents);

        contentPane.add(JList);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestCombobox();

    }

 

文本框、密码框、文本域

文本框

public TestTextDemo1() {

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

        //设置文本框

        TextField textField = new TextField("hello");

        TextField textField2 = new TextField("world",20);

        contentPane.add(textField,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        contentPane.add(textField2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestTextDemo1();

    }

密码框

 public TestTextDemo1() {

        Container contentPane = getContentPane();

//设置密码框

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();

        contentPane.add(passwordField);

        setVisible(true);

        setBounds(100,100,500,500);

        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

 

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        new TestTextDemo1();

    }

}

 文本域

在滑动面板中有提到

一般配合滑动面板使用

 //文本域

        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);

        jTextArea.setText("djsakhozxchasdouifhaofjhaodfj");

        //JScroll面板

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);

        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);