Python中生成器、自定义类、正则表达式的学习与应用

目录

一.定义一个生成器函数，生成1-10

二.模拟range的功能，自己建立一个range:

三. re中函数的使用(自己写用例来使用)：

match

fullmatch

search

findall

finditer

split

sub

subn

complie

---

一.定义一个生成器函数，生成1-10

(使用next(generator)方法获取1-10，使用for循环获取)

def array():
    for i in range(1, 11):
        yield i


start = array()
print(next(start), next(start), next(start), next(start),
      next(start), next(start), next(start), next(start),
      next(start), next(start), sep='\t')
print(type(start))

结果如下：

二.模拟range的功能，自己建立一个range:

range(10)

range(1, 10)

range(1, 10, 1) =>

start, stop, step

range(10, 1, -1)

range(10, -1, -1)

range(-10, -1, 1)

range(-1, -10, -1)

class CustomRange:
    def __init__(self, start, stop=None, step=1):
        if step == 0:
            raise ValueError('The entered step size cannot be zero')
        if stop is None:
            start, stop = 0, start
        if step > 0:
            self.__length = max(0, ((stop - start - 1) // step) + 1)
        else:
            self.__length = max(0, ((start - stop - 1) // abs(step)) + 1)
        self.__start = start
        self.__stop = stop
        self.__step = step

    def __iter__(self):
        num = self.__start
        if self.__step > 0:
            while num < self.__stop:
                yield num
                num += self.__step
        else:
            while num > self.__stop:
                yield num
                num += self.__step

    def __len__(self):
        return self.__length

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        if item < 0:
            item += self.__length
        if 0 <= item <= self.__length:
            return self.__start + item * self.__step
        else:
            raise IndexError('Range object index out of range')

定义好后进行测试，print过程中与range（）函数进行比对，结果如下：

print(list(CustomRange(10)), list(range(10)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(1, 10)), list(range(1, 10)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(1, 10, 1)), list(range(1, 10, 1)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(10, 1, -1)), list(range(10, 1, -1)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(10, -1, -1)), list(range(10, -1, -1)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(-10, -1, 1)), list(range(-10, -1, 1)), sep='\n')
print(list(CustomRange(-1, -10, -1)), list(range(-1, -10, -1)), sep='\n')

三. re中函数的使用(自己写用例来使用)：

首先导入re模块：

import re

match

pattern = "Think you"
string = "Think you very much"
result = re.match(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

fullmatch

pattern = "Think you"
string = "Think you"
result = re.fullmatch(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

search

pattern = "think you"
string = "he think you"
result = re.search(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

findall

pattern = "you"
string = "you think you"
result = re.findall(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

finditer

pattern = "123"
string = "123abc123"
result = re.finditer(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

split

pattern = "abc"
string = "123abc456abc789"
result = re.split(pattern, string)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')

sub

pattern = "abc"
string = "123abc456abc789"
result1 = re.sub(pattern, '-', string)
result2 = re.sub(pattern, '-', string, count=1)
result3 = re.sub(pattern, '-', string, count=2)
print(result1, result2, result3,type(result1), sep='\n')

subn

pattern = "abc"
string = "123abc456abc789"
result1 = re.subn(pattern, '-', string)
result2 = re.subn(pattern, '-', string, count=1)
result3 = re.subn(pattern, '-', string, count=2)
print(result1, result2, result3,type(result1), sep='\n')

complie

pattern = "abc"
string = "123abc456abc789"
result = re.compile(pattern, flags=2)
print(result, type(result), sep='\n')
print(result.search(string))
print(result.findall(string))
print(result.split(string))