K8S 二进制方式部署单节点K8S

一、K8S 单节点部署

1.1 拓补图与主机分配

主机名	IP地址	所需部署组件
master01	192.168.233.100	kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler、etcd
node01	192.168.233.200	kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、flannel、etcd
node02	192.168.233.180	kubelet、kube-proxy、docker、flannel、etcd

1.2 部署前优化

• 修改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master01	'//相同方法修改另外两台主机'
[root@localhost ~]# su

• 关闭防火墙

[root@node02 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld && systemctl disable firewalld   ## 此处仅展示master01 的操作
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service

1.3 ETCD集群部署

1.3.1 master主机创建k8s文件夹并上传etcd脚本，下载cffssl官方证书生成工具

[root@master01 ~]# mkdir k8s
[root@master01 ~]# cd k8s/
[root@master01 k8s]# ls    //从宿主机拖进来
etcd-cert.sh  etcd.sh
[root@master01 k8s]# mkdir etcd-cert
[root@master01 k8s]# mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert  '//移动到相应目录'
[root@master01 k8s]# vim cfssl.sh
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@master01 k8s]# bash cfssl.sh	'//运行下载工具的脚本'
[root@master01 k8s]# ls /usr/local/bin/
cfssl  cfssl-certinfo  cfssljson	'//cfssl：生成证书工具、cfssljson：通过传入json文件生成证书、cfssl-certinfo查看证书信息'

1.3.2 证书的创建与签名证书的生成

[root@master01 k8s]# cd etcd-cert/
[root@master01 etcd-cert]#
### 定义ca证书
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "www": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"     
        ]  
      } 
    }         
  }
}
EOF 
##实现证书签名
cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF 
{   
    "CN": "etcd CA",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

## 生产证书，生成ca-key.pem  ca.pem
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
## 指定etcd三个节点之间的通信验证
cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "etcd",
    "hosts": [
    "192.168.233.100",
    "192.168.233.200",
    "192.168.233.180"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing"
        }
    ]
}
EOF
## 生成ETCD证书 server-key.pem   server.pem
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
[root@localhost etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json  ca.csr  ca-csr.json  ca-key.pem  ca.pem  etcd-cert.sh  server.csr  server-csr.json  server-key.pem  server.pem

1.3.3 下载etcd 二进制包

## 已经下载好了，直接上传，还有flannel和kubernetes-server的软件也一起上传
[root@master01 k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd.sh                          flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz  kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@master k8s]# tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz 	'//解压软件'

1.3.4 创建etcd相应目录

• 创建etcd配置文件和命令和证书的文件夹，并移动相应文件到相应目录

[root@master01 k8s]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p    //配置文件，命令文件，证书
[root@master01 k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/
bin  cfg  ssl
[root@master01 k8s]# mv etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/
## 证书拷贝
[root@master01 k8s]# cp etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/
[root@master01 k8s]# ls /opt/etcd/ssl
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

1.3.5 启动进入卡住状态等待其他节点加入

[root@master01 k8s]# vim etcd.sh 
#!/bin/bash
# example: ./etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.1.10 etcd02=https://192.168.1.11:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.1.12:2380

ETCD_NAME=$1
ETCD_IP=$2
ETCD_CLUSTER=$3

WORK_DIR=/opt/etcd

cat <<EOF >$WORK_DIR/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="${ETCD_NAME}"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"        ## '//2380端口是etcd内部通信端口'
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"      ## '//2379端口是etcd外部通信端口'
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://${ETCD_IP}:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://${ETCD_IP}:2380,${ETCD_CLUSTER}"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=${WORK_DIR}/cfg/etcd
ExecStart=${WORK_DIR}/bin/etcd \
--name=\${ETCD_NAME} \
--data-dir=\${ETCD_DATA_DIR} \
--listen-peer-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS} \
--listen-client-urls=\${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS},http://127.0.0.1:2379 \
--advertise-client-urls=\${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS} \
--initial-advertise-peer-urls=\${ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS} \
--initial-cluster=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER} \
--initial-cluster-token=\${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN} \
--initial-cluster-state=new \
--cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--peer-cert-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server.pem \
--peer-key-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/server-key.pem \
--trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem \
--peer-trusted-ca-file=${WORK_DIR}/ssl/ca.pem
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl restart etcd

## 进入卡住状态等待其他节点加入
[root@localhost k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.233.100 etcd02=https://192.168.233.200:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.233.180:2380

[root@master02 k8s]#  ps -ef | grep etcd  ## etcd进程已经开启
root      17402      1 15 10月05 ?      00:31:43 /opt/etcd/bin/etcd --name=etcd01 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.233.100:2380 --listen-client-urls=https://192.168.233.100:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 --advertise-client-urls=https://192.168.233.100:2379 --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://192.168.233.100:2380 --initial-cluster=etcd01=https://192.168.233.100:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.233.200:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.233.180:2380 --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster --initial-cluster-state=new --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
root      18075      1  9 10月05 ?      00:16:50 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --etcd-servers=https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379 --bind-address=192.168.233.100 --secure-port=6443 --advertise-address=192.168.233.100 --allow-privileged=true --service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node --kubelet-https=true --enable-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
root      22146  21991  0 00:49 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto etcd

1.3.6 拷贝证书去其他节点

[root@master01 k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.233.200:/opt/
[root@master01 k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.233.180:/opt
//启动脚本拷贝其他节点
[root@master01 k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.233.200:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@master01 k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.233.180:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

1.3.7 node 节点修改配置文件

[root@node01 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd

#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd02"     ## 原来是etcd01      node2 节点修改为etcd03
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.233.200:2380"   ## node2 节点修改为192.168.233.180
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.233.200:2379"   ## node2 节点修改为192.168.233.180

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.233.200:2380"    ## node2 节点修改为192.168.233.180
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.233.200:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.233.100:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.233.200:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.233.180:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
//启动
[root@node01 ssl]# systemctl start etcd
[root@node01 ssl]# systemctl status etcd

1.3.8 检查etcd群集状态

root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379" cluster-health
member 3eae9a550e2e3ec is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.100:2379
member 26cd4dcf17bc5cbd is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.200:2379
member 2fcd2df8a9411750 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.233.180:2379
cluster is healthy

1.4 docker引擎部署

• 所有node节点部署docker引擎
• https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47219725/article/details/108691608

1.5 flannel网络配置

• node节点node1上操作

1.5.1 写入分配的子网段到ETCD中，供flannel使用

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379" set /coreos.com/network/config '{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'

{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}

• 查看写入的信息

[root@localhost etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config
{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}

1.5.2 所有node节点操作解压 flannel压缩包

'//谁需要跑pod，谁就需要安装flannel网络'
## master01上拷贝到 flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz所有node节点（只需要部署在node节点即可）
[root@master01 k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@192.168.233.200:/root
[root@master01 k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@192.168.233.180:/root
[root@node01 ~]# tar zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
flanneld
mk-docker-opts.sh
README.md

1.5.3 node节点创建工作目录

• node节点创建k8s工作目录，将两个脚本移动到对应工作目录

[root@node01 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@node01 ~]# mv mk-docker-opts.sh flanneld /opt/kubernetes/bin/

1.5.4 两个node节点都编辑flannel.sh脚本

[root@node01 opt]# vim flannel.sh
#!/bin/bash

ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${1:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"}      ## 定义的端口是2379，节点对外提供的端口

cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld

FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
-etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
-etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl restart flanneld

1.5.5 开启flannel网络功能

[root@node01 opt]#bash bash flannel.sh https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379

Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.

1.5.6 修改docker配置文件连接flannel网络

[root@node01 opt]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env       ## 添加这句
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID          ## 修改这句
## 其他省略

1.5.7 查看node节点网络信息

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.48.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.48.255
        inet6 fe80::42:9fff:fe81:3f9f  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:9f:81:3f:9f  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 6698  bytes 272659 (266.2 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 14177  bytes 12413297 (11.8 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.233.200  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.233.255
        inet6 fe80::1199:c740:2050:ac62  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:e7:9d:50  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1542039  bytes 710889987 (677.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 1334778  bytes 625197407 (596.2 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.48.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::bc83:53ff:fee6:6ac  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether be:83:53:e6:06:ac  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 4  bytes 336 (336.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4  bytes 336 (336.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 27 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
#################################################################################
[root@node2 ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.52.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.52.255
        inet6 fe80::42:5cff:fe66:d1a5  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 02:42:5c:66:d1:a5  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 7084  bytes 286773 (280.0 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 14595  bytes 12427451 (11.8 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.233.180  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.233.255
        inet6 fe80::9c9:3acb:1c5f:375a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:71:b6:ad  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 1168559  bytes 785593565 (749.2 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 735210  bytes 57001175 (54.3 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.52.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::9030:b4ff:fee7:15bc  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 92:30:b4:e7:15:bc  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 4  bytes 336 (336.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 4  bytes 336 (336.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 26 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

1.5.8 查看flannel分配给docker的IP地址

[root@node01 ~]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.48.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"
DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.48.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450"

[root@node02 ~]#  cat /run/flannel/subnet.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.52.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"
DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.52.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450"

1.5.9 进入容器测试两个节点网络是否互通

[root@node02 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                    PORTS               NAMES
d440f7bc0ec4        centos:7            "/bin/bash"         6 days ago          Exited (127) 6 days ago                       vigorous_shamir
[root@localhost ~]# docker start d440f7bc0ec4
d440f7bc0ec4
[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it d440f7bc0ec4  /bin/bash
[root@d440f7bc0ec4 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.52.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.52.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:34:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 7  bytes 586 (586.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
###########################################
[root@promote ~]# docker ps -a
e721762e5978        centos:7     "/bin/bash"              6 days ago          Exited (0) 6 days ago                       dreamy_matsumoto
[root@promote ~]# docker start e721762e5978
e721762e5978
[root@promote ~]# docker exec -it e721762e5978 /bin/bash
[root@e721762e5978 /]# 
[root@e721762e5978 /]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.48.3  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.48.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:30:03  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 8  bytes 656 (656.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

## node01 上容器 里 ping node02里面的容器
[root@e721762e5978 /]# ping 172.17.52.2
PING 172.17.52.2 (172.17.52.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.52.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=1.01 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.52.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.878 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.52.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=3.74 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.52.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 time=0.538 ms
^C
--- 172.17.52.2 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3005ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.538/1.543/3.744/1.282 ms

1.6 master组件的部署

1.6.1 证书脚本的生成

[root@master01 k8s]# unzip master.zip
[root@master01 k8s]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@master01 k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert
[root@master01 k8s]# cd k8s-cert/
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# vim k8s-cert.sh    ## 创建证书脚本
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
      	    "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#-----------------------

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.233.100",	'//master1，配置文件中要删除此类注释'
      "192.168.233.50",	'//master2'
      "192.168.233.110",	'//VIP'
      "192.168.233.30",	'//nginx代理master'
      "192.168.233.127",	'//nginx代理backup'
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

#-----------------------

cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

#-----------------------

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

1.6.2 生成证书

[root@master01 k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh 	'//生成证书'
[root@master k8s-cert]# ls
admin.csr       admin.pem       ca-csr.json  k8s-cert.sh          kube-proxy-key.pem  server-csr.json
admin-csr.json  ca-config.json  ca-key.pem   kube-proxy.csr       kube-proxy.pem      server-key.pem
admin-key.pem   ca.csr          ca.pem       kube-proxy-csr.json  server.csr          server.pem
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# ls *.pem
admin-key.pem  ca-key.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  server-key.pem
admin.pem      ca.pem      kube-proxy.pem      server.pem
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# cp ca*.pem server*.pem /opt/kubernets/ssl/	'//复制证书到工作目录'
[root@master01 k8s-cert]# ls /opt/kubernets/ssl/
ca-key.pem  ca.pem  server-key.pem  server.pem

1.6.3 解压K8S服务器终端压缩包

[root@master01 k8s-cert]# cd ..
[root@master01 k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64            k8s-cert
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz     kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd.sh    flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz  master.zip
[root@master01 k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz 

1.6.4 复制相关命令到K8S 工作命令目录中

[root@master01 k8s]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@master01 bin]# cp kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler kubectl kube-apiserver /opt/kubernets/bin/
[root@master01 bin]# ls /opt/kubernetes/bin/
kube-apiserver  kube-controller-manager  kubectl  kube-scheduler

1.6.5 编辑令牌与绑定角色kubelet-bootstrap

## 使用 head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ' 可以随机生成序列号
[root@master01 k8s]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
6c65aa8248e15a0cb4bf17b280fa7be1,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

1.6.6 开启apiserver，将数据存放在etcd集群中并检查kube状态

[root@master01 kubernetes]# bash apiserver.sh 192.168.233.100 https://192.168.233.100:2379,https://192.168.233.200:2379,https://192.168.233.180:2379
[root@master01 kubernetes]# ls /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
kube-apiserver  token.csv
[root@master01 kubernetes]# netstat -ntap |grep kube
[root@master01 kubernetes]# ps aux |grep kube
[root@master01 kubernetes]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver 
    ...省略内容
--secure-port=6443 \	'//其实就是443，https协议通信端口'
...省略内容
[root@localhost k8s]# netstat -ntap |grep 6443
tcp        0      0 192.168.233.100:6443    0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      18075/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.233.100:44770   192.168.233.100:6443    ESTABLISHED 18075/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.233.100:6443    192.168.233.100:44770   ESTABLISHED 18075/kube-apiserve 

1.6.7 启动scheduler服务

[root@master kubernetes]# ./scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.
[root@master kubernetes]# systemctl status kube-scheduler

1.6.8 启动controller-manager

[root@master kubernetes]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.
[root@master kubernetes]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager

1.6.9 查看etcd群集状态

[root@master01  k8s]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"} 

1.7 node 节点部署kubectl和kube-proxy

1.7.1 将master01节点上kubectl和kube-proxy拷贝到node节点

[root@master kubernetes]# cd /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@master bin]# ls
apiextensions-apiserver              kube-apiserver.docker_tag           kube-proxy
cloud-controller-manager             kube-apiserver.tar                  kube-proxy.docker_tag
cloud-controller-manager.docker_tag  kube-controller-manager             kube-proxy.tar
cloud-controller-manager.tar         kube-controller-manager.docker_tag  kube-scheduler
hyperkube                            kube-controller-manager.tar         kube-scheduler.docker_tag
kubeadm                              kubectl                             kube-scheduler.tar
kube-apiserver                       kubelet  
[root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.233.200:/opt/k8s/bin
[root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.233.180:/opt/k8s/bin

1.7.2 node节点解压node.zip压缩包

[root@node01 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz  node.zip
[root@node01 ~]# unzip node.zip
[root@node01 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz  kubelet.sh  node.zip  proxy.sh

1.7.3 master01创建kubeconfig目录

root@master01 bin]# cd /root/k8s/
[root@master01 k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig
[root@master01 k8s]# cd kubeconfig/
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig

APISERVER=$1
SSL_DIR=$2

# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig 
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=6c65aa8248e15a0cb4bf17b280fa7be1 \	'//此token序列号就是之前/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv 文件中使用的的'
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

#----------------------

# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# export PATH=$PATH://opt/kubernetes/bin	'//设置环境变量（可以写入到/etc/prlfile中）'

1.7.4 生成配置文件并拷贝到node节点

[root@master kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig 192.168.233.100 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/
[root@master kubeconfig]# ls
bootstrap.kubeconfig  kubeconfig  kube-proxy.kubeconfig
[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.233.200:/opt/k8s/cfg
[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.233.180:/opt/k8s/cfg

1.7.5 创建bootstrap角色赋予权限用于连接apiserver请求签名（关键）

[root@master01 kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created

1.8 node01节点操作生成kubelet kubelet.config配置文件

[root@node1 ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.233.200
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

1.8.1 master上检查到node01节点的请求，查看证书状态

[root@master01 kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s   71s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
'//pending：等待集群给该节点办法证书'

1.8.2 颁发证书，再次查看证书状态

[root@master01 kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s approved
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-xmi9gQiUIFuyZ9KAIKFIyf4JiQOuPN1tACjVzu_SH6s   3m9s   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued	'//已经被允许加入集群'

1.8.3 查看群集节点

//查看群集节点，成功加入node01节点
[root@master01 kubeconfig]# kubectl get node
NAME              STATUS   ROLES    AGE    VERSION
192.168.233.200   Ready    <none>   118s   v1.12.3

1.8.4 node01 启动proxy服务

[root@node01 ~]# bash proxy.sh 192.168.233.200
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service 
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
[root@node01 ~]# systemctl enable kubelet

1.9 node02节点部署

• 把现成的/opt/kubernetes目录复制到其他节点进行修改即可

[root@node01 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.233.180:/opt/

1.9.1把kubelet，kube-proxy的service文件拷贝到node2中

[root@node01 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.233.180:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

1.9.2 删除复制过来的证书，等会node02会自行申请证书

[root@node02 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@node02 ssl]# rm -rf *

1.9.3 修改配置文件kubelet kubelet.config kube-proxy（三个配置文件）

[root@node02 ssl]# cd ../cfg/
[root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet
--hostname-override=192.168.233.180 \  ## 修改这个IP地址
[root@node02 cfg]# vim kubelet.config 
address: 192.168.233.180                    ## 修改这个IP地址    
[root@localhost cfg]# vim kube-proxy
--hostname-override=192.168.233.180 \   ## 修改这个IP地址

1.9.4 启动服务

[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kubelet.service 
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet.service 
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service 
[root@node02 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service 

1.9.5 在master上操作查看请求

[root@master01 k8s]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE   REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-OaH9HpIKh6AKlfdjEKm4C6aJ0UT_1YxNaa70yEAxnsU   15s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
## 授权加入群集
[root@master01 k8s]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-OaH9HpIKh6AKlfdjEKm4C6aJ0UT_1YxNaa70yEAxnsU

## 查看群集中的节点
[root@localhost k8s]# kubectl get node
NAME              STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
192.168.195.150   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.12.3
192.168.195.151   Ready    <none>   37s   v1.12.3