【云计算OpenStack-OpenStack Queens版本】基于OpenStack的云计算环境搭建

一、基础环境

OpenStack云计算环境的搭建是基于虚拟机的多节点Linux网络环境基础上搭建起来的，所以需要我们先搭建好集群环境。（基础环境搭建参考：基于虚拟机的多节点Linux网络环境搭建）

1.基本环境信息回顾

操作系统：CentOS7

controller节点IP：192.168.43.199
compute节点IP：192.168.43.74
neutron节点IP：192.168.43.180

说明：这里我的IP之所以和基于虚拟机的多节点Linux网络环境搭建这篇文章中的不一样，是因为我重新搭建了环境，IP也重新分配了，所以后续的IP就以我这里列出来的为主。

2.基本环境网络测试

我们先测试一下网络的连通性，具体过程见：基于虚拟机的多节点Linux网络环境搭建

如果网络没问题，我们就可以开开心心的继续下面的内容啦！

二、实现过程

1.配置阿里yum源（所有节点）

备份

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

下载

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo

2.安装NTP时钟服务（所有节点）

• controller节点

安装软件包

yum install chrony -y

编辑vi /etc/chrony.conf文件，配置时钟源同步服务端

server  controlelr  iburst      ##所有节点向controller节点同步时间
allow 192.168.43.0/199         ##设置时间同步网段

设置NTP服务开机启动

systemctl enable chronyd.service
systemctl start chronyd.service

• compute节点和neutron节点

安装软件包

yum install chrony -y

编辑vi /etc/chrony.conf文件，配置所有节点指向controller同步时间

server  controlelr  iburst

设置NTP服务开机启动

systemctl enable chronyd.service
systemctl start chronyd.service

• 验证时钟同步服务

chronyc sources

3.openstack服务安装、配置（所有节点）

下载安装openstack软件仓库（queens版本）

yum install centos-release-openstack-queens -y

更新所有节点软件包

yum upgrade

安装openstack client端

yum install python-openstackclient -y

安装openstack-selinux

yum install openstack-selinux -y

4.安装数据库（controller节点）

安装软件包

yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL -y

编辑/etc/my.cnf.d/mariadb-server.cnf并完成以下配置（说明：bind-address使用controller节点的管理IP）

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
bind-address = 192.168.43.199
default-storage-engine = innodb
innodb_file_per_table = on
max_connections = 4096
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
character-set-server = utf8

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable mariadb.service
systemctl start mariadb.service

通过运行mysql_secure_installation脚本来保护数据库服务。（说明：运行命令后，需要先输入密码，我们可以不用输入直接回车继续即可。）

5.安装、配置RabbitMQ（controller节点）

安装配置消息队列组件

yum install rabbitmq-server -y

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service
systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

添加openstack 用户

rabbitmqctl add_user openstack 123456

openstack用户的权限配置

rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

6.安装缓存数据库Memcached（controller节点）

安装配置组件

yum install memcached python-memcached -y

编辑vi /etc/sysconfig/memcached

OPTIONS="-l 192.168.43.199,::1,controller"

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable memcached.service
systemctl start memcached.service

7.Etcd服务安装（controller节点）

安装服务

yum install etcd -y 

编辑/etc/etcd/etcd.conf文件

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS
#[Member]
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.43.199:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.43.199:2379"
ETCD_NAME="controller"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://192.168.43.199:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://192.168.43.199:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://192.168.43.199:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable etcd;systemctl start etcd

8.安装keystone组件（controller节点）

创建keystone数据库并授权

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE keystone;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

安装、配置组件

yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y

编辑 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:123456@controller/keystone
[token]
provider = fernet

同步keystone数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

数据库初始化

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone
keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

引导身份认证服务

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password 123456 --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:35357/v3/ --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

9.配置apache http服务（controller节点）

编辑/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf，配置ServerName参数

ServerName controller

创建 /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf链接文件

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl start httpd.service

配置administrative账号

export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:35357/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

10.创建 domain, projects, users, roles（controller节点）

创建域

openstack domain create --description "Domain" example

创建服务项目

openstack project create --domain default   --description "Service Project" service

创建平台demo项目

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" demo

创建demo用户

openstack user create --domain default  --password-prompt demo

创建用户角色

openstack role create user

添加用户角色到demo项目和用户

openstack role add --project demo --user demo user

11.验证操作（controller节点）

取消环境变量

unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD

admin用户返回的认证token

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:35357/v3 \
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
>   --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

demo用户返回的认证token

openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 \
>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \
>   --os-project-name demo --os-username demo token issue

12.创建openstack 客户端环境脚本（controller节点）

创建admin-openrc脚本（vim admin-openrc）

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

创建demo-openrc脚本(vim demo-openrc)

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=demo
export OS_USERNAME=demo
export OS_PASSWORD=123456
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

使用脚本,返回认证token

openstack token issue

13.安装Glance服务（controller节点)

创建glance数据库,并授权

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE glance;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%'  IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

获取admin用户的环境变量，并创建服务认证

. admin-openrc
注意：这里点后面有一个空格

创建glance用户

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance

把admin用户添加到glance用户和项目中

openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

创建glance服务

openstack service create --name glance  --description "OpenStack Image" image

创建镜像服务API端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  image public http://controller:9292
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  image internal http://controller:9292
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  image admin http://controller:9292

14.安装和配置组件（controller节点）

安装软件包

yum install openstack-glance -y

编辑/etc/glance/glance-api.conf文件

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

[glance_store]
stores = file,http
default_store = file
filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

编辑/etc/glance/glance-registry.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:123456@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = glance
password = 123456

[paste_deploy]
flavor = keystone

同步镜像服务数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

设置开机启动并开启服务

systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service
systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service  openstack-glance-registry.service

15.验证操作（controller节点）

使用CirrOS验证Image服务的操作，这是一个小型Linux映像，可帮助您测试OpenStack部署。
有关如何下载和构建映像的更多信息，请参阅OpenStack虚拟机映像指南https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/
有关如何管理映像的信息，请参阅OpenStack最终用户指南https://docs.openstack.org/queens/user/


获取admin用户的环境变量，且下载镜像

 . admin-openrc
 
 wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.5/cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img

上传镜像（使用QCOW2磁盘格式，裸容器格式和公开可见性将图像上传到Image服务，以便所有项目都可以访问它）

openstack image create "cirros" --file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare  --public

查看上传的镜像

openstack image list

说明：glance具体配置选项： https://docs.openstack.org/glance/queens/configuration/index.html

16.安装和配置compute服务（controller节点）

创建nova_api, nova, nova_cell0数据库

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
CREATE DATABASE nova;
CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;

数据库登录授权

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

创建nova用户

. admin-openrc

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova

添加admin用户为nova用户

openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

创建nova服务端点

openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

创建compute API 服务端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1

创建一个placement服务用户

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement

添加placement用户为项目服务admin角色

openstack role add --project service --user placement admin

创建在服务目录创建Placement API服务

openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

创建Placement API服务端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778

17.安装和配置组件（controller节点）

安装软件包

yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api

编辑 /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@controller
my_ip = 192.168.43.199
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api_database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123456@controller/nova_api

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:123456@controller/nova

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123456

[vnc]
enabled = true
server_listen = $my_ip
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:35357/v3
username = placement
password = 123456

由于软件包的一个bug，需要在/etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf文件中添加如下配置

<Directory /usr/bin>
   <IfVersion >= 2.4>
      Require all granted
   </IfVersion>
   <IfVersion < 2.4>
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
   </IfVersion>
</Directory>

重新http服务

systemctl restart httpd

同步nova-api数据库

 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

注册cell0数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

创建cell1 cell

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

同步nova数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

验证 nova、 cell0、 cell1数据库是否注册正确

nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells

设置服务为开机启动

systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service  openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

18.安装和配置compute节点服务（compute节点）

安装软件包

yum install openstack-nova-compute

编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]
enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@controller
my_ip = 192.168.43.74
use_neutron = True
firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api]
auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://192.168.43.74:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123456

[vnc]
enabled = True
server_listen = 0.0.0.0
server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip
novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]
api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]
os_region_name = RegionOne
project_domain_name = Default
project_name = service
auth_type = password
user_domain_name = Default
auth_url = http://controller:35357/v3
username = placement
password = 123456

设置服务开机启动

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

19.在controller节点验证计算服务操作（controller节点）

添加compute节点到cell数据库，验证有几个计算节点在数据库中

. admin-openrc

openstack compute service list --service nova-compute

发现计算节点

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

列出服务组件

. admin-openrc

openstack compute service list

列出身份服务中的API端点以验证与身份服务的连接

openstack catalog list

列出镜像

openstack image list

检查cells和placement API是否正常

nova-status upgrade check

20.安装和配置controller节点neutron网络配置（controller节点）

创建nuetron数据库和授权

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE neutron;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost'   IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%'   IDENTIFIED BY '123456';

创建服务

. admin-openrc

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron

添加admin角色为neutron用户

openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

创建neutron服务

openstack service create --name neutron   --description "OpenStack Networking" network

创建网络服务端点

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network public http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network internal http://controller:9696
openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne  network admin http://controller:969

21.配置网络部分（controller节点）

安装组件

yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2  openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables

配置服务组件，编辑 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[database]
connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:123456@controller/neutron

[DEFAULT]
auth_strategy = keystone
core_plugin = ml2
service_plugins =
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@controller
notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true
notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123456

[nova]
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = nova
password = 123456

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

22.配置网络二层插件（controller节点）

编辑/etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

[ml2]
type_drivers = flat,vlan
tenant_network_types =
mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge
extension_drivers = port_security

[ml2_type_flat]
flat_networks = provider

[securitygroup]
enable_ipset = true

23.配置Linux网桥（controller节点）

编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eno16777736

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

24.配置DHCP服务（controller节点）

编辑 /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
interface_driver = linuxbridge
dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq
enable_isolated_metadata = true

25.配置metadata（controller节点）

编辑 /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]
nova_metadata_host = controller
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 123456

26.配置计算服务使用网络服务(controller节点)

编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]
url =  http://controller:9696
auth_url =  http://controller:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123456
service_metadata_proxy = true
metadata_proxy_shared_secret = 123456

27.完成安装（controller节点）

创建服务软连接

ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

同步数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf   --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron

重启compute API服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

配置网络服务开机启动

systemctl enable neutron-server.service   neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service   neutron-metadata-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-server.service   neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service   neutron-metadata-agent.service

28.配置compute节点网络服务（compute节点）

安装组件

yum install openstack-neutron-linuxbridge ebtables ipset

配置公共组件，编辑/etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]
auth_strategy = keystone
transport_url = rabbit://openstack:123456@controller

[keystone_authtoken]
auth_uri = http://controller:5000
auth_url = http://controller:35357
memcached_servers = controller:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123456

[oslo_concurrency]
lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

29.配置网络（controller节点）

配置Linux网桥，编辑 /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/linuxbridge_agent.ini

[linux_bridge]
physical_interface_mappings = provider:eno16777736

[vxlan]
enable_vxlan = false

[securitygroup]
enable_security_group = true
firewall_driver = neutron.agent.linux.iptables_firewall.IptablesFirewallDriver

30.配置计算节点网络服务（controller节点）

编辑/etc/nova/nova.conf

[neutron]
url = http://controller:9696
auth_url = http://controller:35357
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
region_name = RegionOne
project_name = service
username = neutron
password = 123456

31.完成安装（compute节点）

重启compute服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service

设置网桥服务开机启动

systemctl enable neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service
systemctl start neutron-linuxbridge-agent.service

32.在controller节点安装Horizon服务（controller节点）

安装软件包

yum install openstack-dashboard -y

编辑/etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']

配置memcache会话存储

SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
CACHES = {
    'default': {
         'BACKEND':'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
         'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',
    }
}

开启身份认证API 版本v3

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST

开启domains版本支持

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True

配置API版本

OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
    "identity": 3,
    "image": 2,
    "volume": 2,
}
OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default"
OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {
    'enable_router': False,
    'enable_quotas': False,
    'enable_distributed_router': False,
    'enable_ha_router': False,
    'enable_lb': False,
    'enable_firewall': False,
    'enable_vpn': False,
    'enable_fip_topology_check': False,
}

完成安装，重启web服务和会话存储

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

33.访问openstack的web页面

Domain：default
用户名：admin
密码：123456

在浏览器输入http://192.168.43.199/dashboard/（或者http://controller/dashboard/），访问openstack的web页面

至此，我们已经成功搭建好了OpenStack的云计算环境！



小可爱们，真的太棒啦！赶紧奖励自己一个大大的鸡腿吧！！！

阅读参考：
社区OpenStack Queens版本部署安装详解（主要参考）
openstack-dashboard-登陆后显示报错（我遇到问题，使用此方案解决了）
OpenStack官方文档
Openstack架构构建及详解
openstack安装之基础环境准备篇
登录dashboard时出现Internal Server Error