前言
前两天在和粉丝聊天的时候,粉丝跟我说之前在面试的时候被问到SpringBoot这一块的知识被问的有点懵,和我问了不少这方面的东西。事后我想了想不如把这些东西分享出来吧,让更多的人看到,这样不管是对自己知识的一个提升还是对面试的准备都有好处。好了,满满的干货都在下面了!
1.创建maven项目父工程(不使用idea的spring Initializr)
不勾选任何模板,直接使用默认项目模板
删除src文件夹,创建这个项目的目的是为了作为父工程,无需src文件夹,只保留pom文件即可
编辑pom文件
设置父工程打包方式为pom,用于依赖管理
<packaging>pom</packaging>
添加必要依赖
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo依赖 apache版 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.7.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo所需其他依赖 使用alibaba的dubbo则不需要 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- dubbo所需其他依赖 使用alibaba的dubbo则不需要 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- zookeeper依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
<version>0.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
2. 创建生产者
同第一步相同,创建子模块,名为provider
删除src文件夹,该模块仍作为父工程使用
修改pom文件,继承父工程,并设置打包方式为pom
<parent>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>base</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
创建子工程provider-api,
修改pom文件,继承父工程provider
这个工程为生产者和约束者约束api规范,生产者和消费者都需依赖此模块联系彼此
此模块中只写api和实体类,不写实现方式
<parent>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<!-- maven默认打包方式为jar包,此处可不用显示指定 -->
<packaging>jar</packaging>
编写代码
实体类user
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
/*
当实体类作为RPC方法的返回值时,必须实现Serializable接口,dubbo的实现原理就是
消费者远程调用生产者方法,生产者返回序列化后的返回值,消费者通过网络获取到序
列化后的数据再反序列化
*/
/*
此处不实现Serializable接口,远程调用方法时会报错,并提示实体类需继承此接口
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private String account;
private String password;
public String getAccount() {
return account;
}
public void setAccount(String account) {
this.account = account;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
UserService接口
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;
public interface UserService {
User getUserInstance();
}
执行mvn install命令将jar包打入本地仓库
完毕
在provider下创建子工程provider-service模块(此模块为真正的生产者)
编辑pom文件继承父工程
<parent>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>provider</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>provider-service</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<name>provider-service</name>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>
添加必须依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- 此处依赖api模块规范接口 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
UserService的实现类UserServiceImpl
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.impl;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;
/*
dubbo注解,指定接口版本号和超时时间,调用方需正确填写版本信息
*/
@DubboService(version = "1.0", timeout = 300)
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public User getUserInstance() {
User user = new User();
user.setAccount("admin");
user.setPassword("admin");
return user;
}
}
application.yml配置
dubbo:
application:
# 指定该服务名称
name: provider
registry:
# 通信协议
protocol: zookeeper
# 注册中心地址
address: 127.0.0.1
# 注册中心端口号
port: 2181
# 也可以不配置protocol和port,直接配置为zookeeper://127.0.0.1:2181
protocol:
name: dubbo
# 服务暴露端口
port: 8081
# 包扫描(此处为扫描dubbo的注解,和SpringBoot无关)
scan:
base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo
为启动类添加dubbo注解@EnableDubbo
package online.hupeng.dubbo.provider;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderServiceApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ProviderServiceApplication.class, args);
}
}
3. 创建消费者
在根项目下创建consumer模块
编辑pom文件继承父项目
<parent>
<artifactId>base</artifactId>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<version>1.0</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
添加必须依赖
<dependencies>
<!-- 引入provider-api依赖用以远程调用 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>online.hupeng.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>provider-api</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
<artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
编辑controller层代码远程调用
package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer.controller;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.domain.User;
import online.hupeng.dubbo.provider.service.UserService;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboReference;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
public class ConsumerController {
/*
远程调用注解,需正确对应生产者的版本号,此处不需要@autowird注入对象
*/
@DubboReference(version = "1.0")
private UserService userService;
@ResponseBody
@GetMapping("/test")
public User getUser() {
return userService.getUserInstance();
}
}
配置application.yml文件
dubbo:
application:
name: provider
registry:
protocol: zookeeper
address: 127.0.0.1
port: 2181
protocol:
name: dubbo
# 服务暴露端口
port: 8081
# 包扫描
scan:
base-packages: online.hupeng.dubbo
```
添加SpringBoot启动类
package online.hupeng.dubbo.consumer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);
}
}
4. 测试
按顺序启动zookeeper、provider-service、consumer
访问http://localhost/test
成功!!!
最后
大家看完有什么不懂的可以在下方留言讨论,也可以关注我私信问我,我看到后都会回答的。也欢迎大家关注我的公众号:前程有光,金三银四跳槽面试季,整理了1000多道将近500多页pdf文档的Java面试题资料,文章都会在里面更新,整理的资料也会放在里面。谢谢你的观看,觉得文章对你有帮助的话记得关注我点个赞支持一下!