MQTT的协议在Android的思实现
1、项目创建
2、在mainfests添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
3、在APP的级别下添加依赖包
implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3:1.1.0'
implementation 'org.eclipse.paho:org.eclipse.paho.android.service:1.1.1'
4、我这里使用的是服务状态下接收MQTT,然后创建MQTTService
继承Service并实现Service的实现类
4、实现MTQQ的方法,我这里都放到了一个service里(不想手敲就直接复制使用就得了)
/*
*
* 建议添加主题在前面使用大写字母用来给下面使用
* 我这边是把Android端发布的主题写固定了--PUBLISH_TOPIC,要想换Android主题可以直接换PUBLISH_TOPIC后面的主题即可
* onSuccess的subscribe是接收主题的方法,里面的ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC是硬件端发布的主题,更改ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC即可接收不同的传感器数值
* messageArrived方法可以直接使用new String(message.getPayload())接收到主题的数据
* <-- 可以关注这三个地方即可 -->
*
* */
public class MQTTService extends Service {
@SuppressLint("StaticFieldLeak")
public static MqttAndroidClient mqttAndroidClient;
public static MqttConnectOptions mMqttConnectOptions;
//我的服务器搭建在自己电脑,只能在局域网实现
public static String HOST = "tcp://192.168.73.128:1883";
//用户名
public static String USERNAME = "root";
//密码
public static String PASSWORD = "123123";
public static final String TAG = MQTTService.class.getSimpleName();
//PUBLISH_TOPIC为Android端发布的主题,用于让硬件端接受的主题,硬件订阅这主题后可以接收Android端向下发送的命令和数据
public static String PUBLISH_TOPIC = "/sys/Android/0001/thing/sservice/property/xifa";
/*ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC为硬件端发布的主题,Android端来订阅这个主题即可查收硬件端的数据*/
public static String ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC = "/sys/a1l5AvjQHJc/0001/thing/event/property/post";
//响应主题,接收硬件端的数据后给硬件返回一个响应主题,用来确保Android端已接收成功
public static String RESPONSE_TOPIC = "message_arrived";
//客户端ID,一般以客户端唯一标识符表示,这里用设备序列号表示,建议使用自己写的
public String CLIENTID = "dasdad";
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
init_sensor();
return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
}
@Nullable
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
/**
* 开启服务
*/
public static void startService(Context mContext) {
mContext.startService(new Intent(mContext, MQTTService.class));
}
/**
* 发布 (模拟其他客户端发布消息)
*
* @param message 消息
*/
public static void publish(String message) {
Integer qos = 2;
Boolean retained = false;
try {
mqttAndroidClient.publish(PUBLISH_TOPIC, message.getBytes(), qos.intValue(), retained.booleanValue());
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 初始化
*/
@RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
private void init_sensor() {
String serverURI = HOST; //服务器地址(协议+地址+端口号)
mqttAndroidClient = new MqttAndroidClient(this, serverURI, CLIENTID);
mqttAndroidClient.setCallback(mqttCallback1); //设置监听订阅消息的回调
mMqttConnectOptions = new MqttConnectOptions();
mMqttConnectOptions.setCleanSession(true); //设置是否清除缓存
mMqttConnectOptions.setConnectionTimeout(10); //设置超时时间,单位:秒
mMqttConnectOptions.setKeepAliveInterval(20); //设置心跳包发送间隔,单位:秒
mMqttConnectOptions.setUserName(USERNAME); //设置用户名
mMqttConnectOptions.setPassword(PASSWORD.toCharArray()); //设置密码
// last will message
boolean doConnect = true;
String message = "{\"terminal_uid\":\"" + CLIENTID + "\"}";
String topic = PUBLISH_TOPIC;
Integer qos = 2;
Boolean retained = false;
if ((!message.equals("")) || (!topic.equals(""))) {
// 最后的遗嘱
try {
mMqttConnectOptions.setWill(topic, message.getBytes(), qos.intValue(), retained.booleanValue());
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.i(TAG, "Exception Occured", e);
doConnect = false;
iMqttActionListener.onFailure(null, e);
}
}
if (doConnect) {
doClientConnection();
}
}
/**
* 连接MQTT服务器
*/
private void doClientConnection() {
if (!mqttAndroidClient.isConnected() && isConnectIsNormal()) {
try {
mqttAndroidClient.connect(mMqttConnectOptions, null, iMqttActionListener);
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
/**
* 判断网络是否连接
*/
private boolean isConnectIsNormal() {
ConnectivityManager connectivityManager = (ConnectivityManager) this.getApplicationContext().getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
NetworkInfo info = connectivityManager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
if (info != null && info.isAvailable()) {
String name = info.getTypeName();
Log.e(TAG, "当前网络名称:" + name);
return true;
} else {
Log.i(TAG, "没有可用网络");
/*没有可用网络的时候,延迟3秒再尝试重连*/
new Handler().postDelayed(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
doClientConnection();
}
}, 3000);
return false;
}
}
//MQTT是否连接成功的监听
private IMqttActionListener iMqttActionListener = new IMqttActionListener() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(IMqttToken arg0) {
Log.i(TAG, "连接成功 ");
try {
/*可以订阅多个主题*/
/*ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC为发布端的主题,也就是硬件端发布的主题,Android端来订阅这个主题即可查收硬件端的数据*/
mqttAndroidClient.subscribe(ONCLICK_PUBLISH_TOPIC, 2);//订阅主题,参数:主题、服务质量
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onFailure(IMqttToken arg0, Throwable arg1) {
arg1.printStackTrace();
Log.i(TAG, "连接失败 ");
doClientConnection();//连接失败,重连(可关闭服务器进行模拟)
}
};
//订阅主题的回调
private MqttCallback mqttCallback1 = new MqttCallback() {
@Override
public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
String s = new String(message.getPayload());
Log.e("access",""+s);
}
@Override
public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken arg0) {}
@Override
public void connectionLost(Throwable arg0) {
Log.i(TAG, "连接断开 ");
doClientConnection();//连接断开,重连
}
};
/**
* 响应 (收到其他客户端的消息后,响应给对方告知消息已到达或者消息有问题等)
*
* @param message 消息
*/
public static void response(String message) {
String topic = RESPONSE_TOPIC;
Integer qos = 0;
Boolean retained = false;
try {
//参数分别为:主题、消息的字节数组、服务质量、是否在服务器保留断开连接后的最后一条消息
mqttAndroidClient.publish(topic, message.getBytes(), qos.intValue(), retained.booleanValue());
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
try {
mqttAndroidClient.disconnect(); //断开连接
} catch (MqttException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onDestroy();
}
}
5、记得在mainfest里添加下面的服务,这包的MqttService,不是自己创建的,添加自己创建的MQTTServie服务
<service android:name=".MQTTService"/>
<service android:name="org.eclipse.paho.android.service.MqttService" />