《Python语言程序设计基础》嵩天著-第6章程序部分练习题答案

友情提示：jieba库的安装在其他博客
记不住Python各种操作符，我要原地爆炸了，翻书翻得好烦！

program practice 6.1 随机密码生成

异常笨的方法，但是符合题意

import random as r
import random as r
a = ["1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","0","q","w","e","r","t","y","u","i","o","p","a","s",\
     "d","f","g","h","j","k","l","z","x","c","v","b","n","m","Q","W","E","R","T","Y","U","I",\
     "O","P","A","S","D","F","G","H","J","K","L","Z","X","C","V","B","N","M"]
def code():
    mi=""
    global a #全局变量a
    for i in range(8):
        n = r.randint(0,61) # 从a列表中任取一个字符串
        mi = mi + a[n] # 字符串相加得字符串
    return mi
def main():
    for i in range(1,11):
        print("the {} code is {}".format(i,code()))
main()

program practice 6.2 重复元素判定

# program practice 6.2 重复元素判定
def repeat():
    n = []
    a = input("enter what you want:")
    while a != "":
        n.append(a)
        a = input("enter what you want:")
    else:
        if len(n) == len(set(n)): # set可以去除重复值
            return False
        else:
            return True         
repeat()

program practice 6.4 文本字符分析

思路比较简单，根据红楼梦改遍一下即可

def txt():
    counts = {}
    a = input("please enter anything you want: ")
    while a != "":
        a = input("please enter anything you want: ")
        counts[a] = counts.get(a,0) + 1 
    else:
        b = list(counts.items()) #字典转换成列表，元组为元素
        b.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True)
        c = len(b)
        for i in range(c):
            word, count = b[i]
            print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))
txt()

program practice 6.5 生日驳论

可以不直接给每个人随机设置生日的，可以直接用概论算就好了，我这是多此一举，画蛇添足了！

import random as r
p = 1 
def birth(n):
    ls = []
    for i in range(n):
        a = r.randint(1,366) # 这里直接给每个人随机设置了生日
        ls.append(a) # 把所有的生日加到一个列表去
    if len(ls) != len(set(ls)): # 不相等即代表有生日相同的~
        global p
        for i in range(n):
            p = p*(366-i) # 生日不相同的取法
    else:
        print("There is no same birth")
    return 1-p/366**n #新学的概论统计派上了用场~
birth(90)

program practice 6.6 红楼梦人物统计

忏愧，四大名著之一的红楼梦竟然没读过，谈起这些名字都不知道是谁……得一个个问度娘
比较简单，直接书上实例，再进行修改即可

# program practice 6.6 红楼梦人物统计
import jieba as j
excludes = {"什么","一个","我们","那里","如今","你们","起来","这里","说道",
           "众人","他们","出来","姑娘","知道","自己","一面","只见","两个",
           "怎么","没有","不是","不知","这个","不知","听见","这样","进来",
           "告诉","东西","就是","咱们","回来","夫人","大家","只是","所以",
           "出去","不敢","这些","只得","丫头","不过","的话","一时","不好",
           "鸳鸯","过来","不能","心里","如此","今日","银子","二人","几个",
           "答应","还有","罢了","一回","说话","只管","这么","那边","这话",
           "外头","打发","自然","那些","今儿","听说","小丫头","屋里","奶奶"} #排除无用词 
txt = open("红楼梦.txt", "r", encoding='utf-8').read() # 必须得把文件放在ipynb同源文件夹下才能这样打开
words  = j.lcut(txt) # 分词后某些字符串仍带有标点符号？
counts = {}
for word in words:
    if len(word) == 1:  #排除单个字符的分词结果，尽量确保分词有效为人名
        continue # 结束，进行下一个
    elif word == "王熙凤" or word == "凤姐" or word == "二奶奶" or word== "凤姐儿":
        rword = "王熙凤"
    elif word == "老太太" or word == "史太君" or word == "老祖宗":
        rword = "贾母"
    elif word == "宝钗" or word == "宝姐姐" or word == "宝姑娘":
        rword = "薛宝钗"
    elif word == "太太" or word == "王夫人" :
        rword = "王夫人"
    elif word == "花珍珠" or word =="袭人":
        rword = "花袭人"
    elif word == "湘云" or word == "云儿": 
        rword = "史湘云"
    elif word == "黛玉" or word == "林妹妹" or word == "潇湘妃子": 
        rword = "林黛玉"      
    elif word == "宝玉" or word == "宝二爷": 
        rword = "林宝玉" 
    else:
        rword = word
    counts[rword] = counts.get(rword,0) + 1 # i不在c内，返回1，在的话返回对应值+1，相当于给每一个i赋值，值即为次数，每次出现可更新
for word in excludes:
    del(counts[word])
items = list(counts.items()) #字典转换成列表，元组为元素
items.sort(key=lambda x:x[1], reverse=True) # 定义x函数为取第二个元素即次数
# reverse为逆向排序，x[1]为元组第二个数据即次数，key即为排序参数
for i in range(20):
    word, count = items[i] #键值对输出
    print ("{0:<10}{1:>5}".format(word, count))

码字不易，就这样吧~