Linux中文件的切分与合并

切分命令

     有一个超过5000行的txt文件test.txt
     split -l 500 test.txt smalltest_ #按照行数1000行进行分割命令
     
     有一个超过300M行的二进制文件bigfile
     split -b 50m test.txt smalltest_  #按照每个文件50m行进行分割命令

split使用语法

$ split --h
Usage: split [OPTION]... [FILE [PREFIX]]
Output pieces of FILE to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...;
default size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is 'x'.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -a, --suffix-length=N   generate suffixes of length N (default 2)            后缀名称的长度 (默认为2) 
      --additional-suffix=SUFFIX  append an additional SUFFIX to file names
  -b, --bytes=SIZE        put SIZE bytes per output file                       每个输出文件的字节大小
  -C, --line-bytes=SIZE   put at most SIZE bytes of records per output file    每个输出文件每行的最大字节大小
  -d                      use numeric suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic   使用数字后缀代替字母后缀
      --numeric-suffixes[=FROM]  same as -d, but allow setting the start value
  -e, --elide-empty-files  do not generate empty output files with '-n'        不产生空的输出文件
      --filter=COMMAND    write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE           写入到shell命令行
  -l, --lines=NUMBER      put NUMBER lines/records per output file             设定每个输出文件的行数，默认行数是1000行
  -n, --number=CHUNKS     generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below  产生chunks文件
  -t, --separator=SEP     use SEP instead of newline as the record separator;  使用新字符分割
                            '\0' (zero) specifies the NUL character
  -u, --unbuffered        immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...'     无需缓存
      --verbose           print a diagnostic just before each                  显示分割进度
                            output file is opened
      --help     display this help and exit                                    显示帮助信息
      --version  output version information and exit                           显示版本信息

合并命令

cat part_* > merge_file.txt

cat使用语法

$ cat --h
Usage: cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

  -A, --show-all           equivalent to -vET
  -b, --number-nonblank    number nonempty output lines, overrides -n
  -e                       equivalent to -vE
  -E, --show-ends          display $ at end of each line
  -n, --number             number all output lines
  -s, --squeeze-blank      suppress repeated empty output lines
  -t                       equivalent to -vT
  -T, --show-tabs          display TAB characters as ^I
  -u                       (ignored)
  -v, --show-nonprinting   use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit