1.5标准C库文件的创建文件、读写文件、光标移动

前言：open与fopen的区别

fopen是标准C库，在不同的系统中调用不同的API，有良好的移植性
open是UNIX系统调用函数(包括LINUX等)，返回的是文件描述符，移植有限

fwrite函数
size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,FILE *stream);
const void *ptr：文件缓冲区
size_t size：字符的大小
size_t nmemb:字符的个数
FILE *stream:存放文件地址

fread函数与上述同理
size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
        FILE *fp;
        char *ptr = "I from China";
        char *readBuf;
        readBuf = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char));
        fp = fopen("./six.c","w+");
        fwrite(ptr,sizeof(char),strlen(ptr),fp);
     // fwrite(ptr,sizeof(char)*strlen(ptr),1，fp); 与上述输出结果相同
        fseek(fp,0,SEEK_SET);
        fread(readBuf,sizeof(char),strlen(ptr),fp);
     // fread(readBUF,sizeof(char)*strlen(ptr),1，fp); 与上述输出结果相同
        printf("read %s\n",readBuf);
        fclose(fp);
        return 0;
}
//效果  read I from China

补充：n_write的返回值是靠第三个位置进行判断 
int n_write = fwrite(ptr,sizeof(char),strlen(ptr),fp);    //n_write = strlen（ptr）
int n_write = fwrite(ptr,sizeof(char)*strlen(ptr),1，fp);  //n_write = 1


 int n_write = fwrite(ptr,sizeof(char)*strlen(ptr),100，fp);
 int n_read = fread(ptr,sizeof(char)*strlen(ptr),100，fp);
不同点在于：
n_write 写入次数为100次，而n_read读取有效的次数就会终止

//fopen fwrite fread fclose 结合运用
                                                
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct test
{
        int a;
        char c;
};
int main()
{
        FILE *fp;
        struct test data1 = {100,'a'};
        struct test data2;
        fp = fopen("./file","w+");

        int n_write = fwrite(&data1,sizeof(struct test),1,fp);
        fseek(fp,0,SEEK_SET);
        int n_read = fread(&data2,sizeof(struct test),1,fp);
        printf("read %d %c\n",data2.a,data2.c);
        fclose(fp);
        return 0;
}