2020-11-25-Hibernate的实现步骤

Hibernate的实现步骤

1. 引包（pom.xml）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.cxh</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-demo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.23.Final</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.47</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2. 配置
   hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 指定Hibernate配置文件的DTD信息 -->
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<!-- hibernate- configuration是连接配置文件的根元素 -->
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- 指定连接数据库所用的驱动 -->
        <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <!-- 指定连接数据库的url，hibernate连接的数据库名 -->
        <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate</property>
        <!-- 指定连接数据库的用户名 -->
        <property name="connection.username">northwind</property>
        <!-- 指定连接数据库的密码 -->
        <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
        <!-- 指定数据库方言 -->
        <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
        <!-- 根据需要自动创建数据表 -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 显示Hibernate持久化操作所生成的SQL -->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 将SQL脚本进行格式化后再输出 -->
        <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 载入映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="hbm/User.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

User.hbm.xml映射文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.cxh.model.User" table="t_user">
        <id name="id" column="id"/>
        <property name="name" column="name"/>
        <property name="password" column="password"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

3. 测试类

package com.cxh.model;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.query.Query;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserTest {
    @Test
    public void addUser() {
        //1. 加载Hibernate的核心配置文件
        Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
        //2. 创建SessionFactory对象，类似于JDBC中的连接池
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory();
        //3. 通过SessionFactory获取到Session对象，类似于JDBC中的Connection
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        //4. 手动开启事务，（最好是手动开启事务）
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        //5. 编写代码
        User user = new User(1003,"张三","123456");
        session.save(user);//保存一个用户
        //6. 事务提交
        transaction.commit();
        //7. 释放资源
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
    // 修改操作
    @Test
    public void updateUser() {
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        User user = new User(1001,"曹操","123456");
        user.setName("张三");
        session.update(user);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
    // 查询操作
    @Test
    public void findByIdTest() {
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 1001);
        System.out.println(user);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
    @Test
    public void getAllUsers() {
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        String hql="from User";
        Query query= session.createQuery(hql);
        List<User> list = query.list();
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
    // 删除操作
    @Test
    public void deleteByIdTest() {
        Configuration config = new Configuration().configure();
        SessionFactory sessionFactory = config.buildSessionFactory();
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        Transaction transaction = session.beginTransaction();
        User user = (User) session.get(User.class, 1001);
        session.delete(user);
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
        sessionFactory.close();
    }
}