权限管理-添加角色和权限模型

创建权限

class Permission(object):
    # 255的二进制方式来表示 1111 1111
    ALL_PERMISSION = 0b11111111
    # 1. 访问者权限
    VISITOR =        0b00000001
    # 2. 管理帖子权限
    POST =         0b00000010
    # 3. 管理评论的权限
    COMMENT =      0b00000100
    # 4. 管理板块的权限
    BANNER =        0b00001000
    # 5. 管理前台用户的权限
    USER =      0b00010000
    # 6. 管理后台管理员的权限
    STAFF =        0b01000000


class RoleModel(db.Model, SerializerMixin):
    serialize_only = ("id", "name", "desc", "create_time")
    __tablename__ = 'role'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(50), nullable=False)
    desc = db.Column(db.String(200),nullable=True)
    create_time = db.Column(db.DateTime,default=datetime.now)
    permissions = db.Column(db.Integer,default=Permission.VISITOR)

添加测试数据
commands.py

# 0b001
# 0b010
# 0b011 = ob001 | ob010
# 1|0=1,1|1=1,0|0=0

def init_roles():
    # 运营
    operator_role = RoleModel(name="运营", desc="负责管理帖子和评论",
                         permissions=Permission.POST | Permission.COMMENT | Permission.USER)
    # 管理员
    admin_role = RoleModel(name="管理员", desc="负责整个网站的管理",
                      permissions=Permission.POST | Permission.COMMENT | Permission.USER | Permission.STAFF)
    # 开发者（权限是最大的）
    developer_role = RoleModel(name="开发者", desc="负责网站的开发", permissions=Permission.ALL_PERMISSION)

    db.session.add_all([operator_role, admin_role, developer_role])
    db.session.commit()
    print("角色添加成功！")

app.py

app.cli.command("init_developor")(commands.init_developor)

def bind_roles():
    user1 = UserModel.query.filter_by(email="hynever@qq.com").first()
    user2 = UserModel.query.filter_by(email="abc@qq.com").first()
    user3 = UserModel.query.filter_by(email="ccc@qq.com").first()

    role1 = RoleModel.query.filter_by(name="开发者").first()
    role2 = RoleModel.query.filter_by(name="运营").first()
    role3 = RoleModel.query.filter_by(name="管理员").first()

    user1.role = role1
    user2.role = role2
    user3.role = role3

    db.session.commit()
    print("用户和角色绑定成功！")

app.py

app.cli.command("bind_roles")(commands.bind_roles)

执行命令

flask bind_roles

增加属性判断用户权限
UserModel

    def has_permission(self, permission):
        # 当前用户所拥有的权限&permission = permission
        # 0b011 & 0b001 = 0b001
        # 0b011 & 0b100 = 0b000
        return (self.role.permissions & permission) == permission

from functools import wraps
from flask import g
from utils import restful


def permission_required(permission):
    def outter(func):
        @wraps(func)
        def inner(*args, **kwargs):
            #请求cmspi过来之前就因为设置了该属性 这里获取该属性
            user = getattr(g, "user")
            if not user:
                return restful.unlogin_error()
            if user.has_permission(permission):
                return func(*args, **kwargs)
            else:
                return restful.permission_error(message="您没有权限访问这个接口！")
        return inner
    return outter

所有视图函数前加该装饰器用以限制

但是这样访问不太友好，虽然没有权限看不到数据但是还可以看到页面，

在登陆的时候就校验

 # 如果是员工，才生成token
            token = ""
            permissions = []
            if user.is_staff:
                token = create_access_token(identity=user.id)
                for attr in dir(Permission):
                    if not attr.startswith("_"):
                        permission = getattr(Permission, attr)
                        if user.has_permission(permission):
                            permissions.append(attr.lower())
            if remember == 1:
                # 默认session过期时间，就是只要浏览器关闭了就会过期
                session.permanent = True
            """
            {"avatar":"677d1194c930361e88189b315e4de934.jpg","comments":[],"email":"hynever@qq.com","id":"fiuhqDhK6Wo6Rb9hHc9ffX","is_active":true,"is_staff":true,"join_time":"2021-11-25 15:35:40","posts":[],"signature":"欢饮刚来到知了传课学习Python","username":"zhiliaochuanke"}
            """
            user_dict = user.to_dict()
            user_dict['permissions'] = permissions
            return restful.ok(data={"token": token, "user": user_dict})
        else:
            return restful.params_error(message=form.messages[0])

App.vue

methods: {
    has_permission(permission){
      return this.$auth.user.permissions.indexOf(permission) >= 0
    }

这样没有权限的导航栏就隐藏了

用户 及角色展示