Spring Boot

1.springboot简介

Spring Boot是由Pivotal团队提供的全新框架，其设计目的是用来简化新Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程。该框架使用了特定的方式来进行配置，从而使开发人员不再需要定义样板化的配置。通过这种方式，Spring Boot致力于在蓬勃发展的快速应用开发领域（rapid application development）成为领导者。

从最根本上来讲，Spring Boot就是一些库的集合，它能够被任意项目的构建系统所使用。简便起见，该框架也提供了命令行界面，它可以用来运行和测试Boot应用。

2.通过maven的形式创建springboot工程

（1）.pom文件中继承springboot的父工程

<parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.5.1</version>
    </parent>

  (2). 引入web启动依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

  (3)创建一个主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
public class ZxjController {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ZxjController.class,args);
    }
}

3.springboot工程中常见的配置文件类型

(1).properties属性文件类型

server.port=8081
server.tomcat.connection-timeout=2000

(2).yml文件

server:
  port: 8082
  tomcat:
    connection-timeout: 2000

4.java如何读取springboot配置文件中的内容

(1) 通过 @ConfifigurationProperties(prefifix = "student")

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")
public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;
    private String adress;
    private Date birthday;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> map;
    private Set<String> sets;
    private Clazz c;
}

properties 配置文件的内容

student.name=zs
student.age=17
student.sex=man
student.adress=beijing
student.birthday=2020/01/01
student.hobbys=chang,tiao,rap
student.map.k1=mangzai
student.map.k3=yasuo
student.map.k4=qinnv
student.sets=nuoshou,eyu,gouxiong,eyu
student.c.cid=1
student.c.cname=qy132

yml 文件的配置内容

student:
  name:zhangsan
  age:18
  sex:man
  adress:shanghai
  birthday:2020/01/01
  hobbys:
    - pashan
    - youyong
  map:
    k1:zs
    k2:lm
    k3:gdc
    k4:csq
  set:
    - yyy
    - sss
    - lm
  c:
    cid:2
    cname:chs

（ 2 ）通过 @Value 注解来读取

@Data
@Component
//@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "student")
public class Student {
    @Value("${student.name}")
    private String name;
    @Value("${student.age}")
    private Integer age;
    @Value("${student.sex}")
    private String sex;
    @Value("${student.adress}")
    private String adress;
    @Value("${student.birthday}")
    private Date birthday;
    @Value("${student.hobbys}")
    private List<String> hobbys;
    //@Value("${student.map}")
    private Map<String,String> map;
    @Value("${student.sets}")
    private Set<String> sets;
    //@Value("${student.c}")
    private Clazz c;
    
}

  如果通过 @value 读取的为 properties 不能读取 map 以及自定义的类型。 如果读取的 yml 那么只能读取基本数据类型以及String 和 date 类型.

 

5. springboot如何注册web三大组件

web 三大组件包含内容

   1. Servlet:

          注册 servlet

       （1）. 创建一个 servlet 类

                    

public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException ,IOException{
        System.out.println("经过了doGet方法");
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("经过了doPost方法");
    }
}

      （2）. 创建一个配置类

        

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    //注册servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletBean(){
        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean=new ServletRegistrationBean();
        servletRegistrationBean.setServlet(new MyServlet());
        servletRegistrationBean.setName("myServlet");
        servletRegistrationBean.addUrlMappings("/my");
        return servletRegistrationBean;
    }

      2. Filter: 过滤器

          注册 fifilter：

             (1). 创建一个过滤器类

 

public class MyFilter implements Filter{
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~经过了过滤器");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
        //filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
    }
}

           (2). 注册该过滤器到 Springboot 容器中

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    //注册servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean servletBean(){
        ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean=new ServletRegistrationBean();
        servletRegistrationBean.setServlet(new MyServlet());
        servletRegistrationBean.setName("myServlet");
        servletRegistrationBean.addUrlMappings("/my");
        return servletRegistrationBean;
    }
//注册filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean filterBean(){
        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean=new FilterRegistrationBean();
        filterRegistrationBean.setName("myFilter");
        filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
        filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }

      3. Listener ：监听器

6. springboot整合数据源

在 properties 配置文件中加入如下的配置

spring.datasource.druid.username=root
spring.datasource.druid.password=196055
spring.datasource.druid.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/twosupper?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.druid.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=5

测试是否连接数据库成功

@SpringBootTest 
class SpringbootDatasourceApplicationTests {
 @Autowired private DataSource dataSource;
 @Test void contextLoads() throws Exception{ System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection()); } }

它使用的数据源模式为 Hikari 。但是在实际开发中我们习惯使用 Druid 。

使用 druid 的数据源

 <!--引入druid的数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.21</version>
        </dependency>

7.springboot整合mybatis.

（ 1 ）引入相关的依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.SpringBoot</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--引入druid的数据源-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入mybatis和springboot的依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
            <artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.13</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

<!--    <build>-->
<!--        <plugins>-->
<!--            <plugin>-->
<!--                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>-->
<!--                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>-->
<!--                <configuration>-->
<!--                    <excludes>-->
<!--                        <exclude>-->
<!--                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>-->
<!--                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>-->
<!--                        </exclude>-->
<!--                    </excludes>-->
<!--                </configuration>-->
<!--            </plugin>-->
<!--        </plugins>-->
<!--    </build>-->

</project>

(2) 配置 mybatis 映射文件所在的路径

spring.datasource.druid.username=root
spring.datasource.druid.password=196055
spring.datasource.druid.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/twosupper?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.druid.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.druid.max-active=5


#配置映射文件所在的路径
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:/mapper/*.xml

（ 3 ）创建相应的 entity 以及 mapper

public interface User {
    public List<User> findAll();

}

(4) 在 resources 下创建映射文件

<mapper namespace="com.springboot.mapper.User">
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.springboot.entity.User">
        select * from tab_user
    </select>
</mapper>

（ 5 ）在主启动类上扫描 mapper 接口所在的包

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.springboot.mapper"})
public class DemoApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);
    }

}

（ 6 ） controller 调用 mapper 的方法

 

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Resource
    private User user;
    @GetMapping("list")
    public List<User> list(){
        return user.findAll();
    }
}