Android_菜单（新手要看）

系统的菜单

OptionsMenu
1.在res里建立menu,menu里面建立一个自定义的菜单内容

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
<item android:id="@+id/one" android:title="第一个" ></item>
    <item android:id="@+id/two" android:title="第二个" ></item>
    <item android:id="@+id/three" android:title="第三个" ></item>

</menu>

2.回到Activity里重写 onCreateOptionsMenu、onOptionsItemSelected方法

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    /**
     *    第一个参数代表要表达的布局(创建好的menu里面的布局)
     *    第二个参数是系统的menu
     */
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.color,menu);
    return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);
}

@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
    //监听事件
    int itemId = item.getItemId();
    switch (itemId){
        case R.id.one:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第一个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case R.id.two:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第二个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case R.id.three:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第三个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
    }

    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}

成品图

长按上下文菜单

ContextMenu
与OptionsMenu相似 略改
重写onCreateContextMenu与onContextItemSelected
注意：需要为控件添加长按属性并将菜单绑定到这个控件上    registerForContextMenu()

private Button button;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
    //绑定属性
    registerForContextMenu(button);
}
@Override
public void onCreateContextMenu(ContextMenu menu, View v, ContextMenu.ContextMenuInfo menuInfo) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.color,menu);
    super.onCreateContextMenu(menu, v, menuInfo);
}

@Override
public boolean onContextItemSelected(@NonNull MenuItem item) {
//根据id判别
    int itemId = item.getItemId();
    switch (itemId){
        case R.id.one:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第一个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case R.id.two:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第二个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
        case R.id.three:
            Toast.makeText(this, "第三个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            break;
    }
    return super.onContextItemSelected(item);
}

弹出菜单

1.需要new一个popmenu，需要一个控件，出现在他的下方，给这个控件设置个监听事件
2.依然在menu里面创建xml文件

package com.example.day2_lx;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.PopupMenu;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button button;
    private Button button2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button);
        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);

        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建个对象
                /**
                 * 第一个参数上下文
                 * 第二个参数指定控件下方
                 */
                PopupMenu popupMenu = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this,button);
                //加载布局
                popupMenu.inflate(R.menu.color);
                //监听事件
                popupMenu.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener() {
                    @Override
                    public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                        int itemId = item.getItemId();
                        switch (itemId){
                            case R.id.one:
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "第一个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                break;
                            case R.id.two:
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "第二个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                break;
                            case R.id.three:
                                Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "第三个", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                                break;
                        }
                        return false;
                    }
                });
                //显示
                popupMenu.show();
            }
        });
    }
}

自定义弹出对话框

PopupWindow
1.创建对象，写出三要素（宽、高、布局(自定义的布局))

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="#00ff00"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">


    <TextView
        android:text="弹出来的信息"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"></TextView>
    <Button
        android:text="按钮"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

package com.example.day2_lx;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Layout;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.PopupMenu;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button button;
    private Button button2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        //按钮点击事件
        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建对象
                PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(MainActivity.this);
                /**
                 * 设置三要素，缺一不可
                 * 宽高，都可以随意设置
                 *
                 */
                popupWindow.setHeight(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
                popupWindow.setWidth(200);
                //第一个参数上下文 第二个参数 自定义布局
                View inflate = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.layout, null);
                popupWindow.setContentView(inflate);
		//点击外部 消失
		popupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true);
                //展示在控件的下方
               // popupWindow.showAsDropDown(button2,0,0);
                //可展示随意位置
                popupWindow.showAtLocation(button2, Gravity.CENTER,0,0);
            }
        });
    }
}

渐入渐出

1.点击后缓缓出现，在缓缓结束
具体流程
1.在res下面建立anim,里面创建xml文件，一个渐入，一个渐出
2.在styles里面定义样式，才可取用渐入渐出
3.最后在activity里面绑定styles

渐入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:duration="1000"
    >
    <!--duration 持续时间-->
    <!--translate 移动方向-->
    <!--alpha 透明度-->
    <translate android:fromYDelta="-300" android:toYDelta="0"></translate>
    <alpha android:fromAlpha="0.1" android:toAlpha="1"></alpha>
</set>

渐出

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<set xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:duration="1000">
    <!--duration 持续时间-->
    <!--translate 移动方向-->
    <!--alpha 透明度-->
    <translate android:fromYDelta="0" android:toYDelta="300"></translate>
    <alpha android:fromAlpha="1" android:toAlpha="0.1"></alpha>
</set>

styles里面的样式

<resources>
    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
        <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
    </style>
        <!--渐入渐出样式-->
    <style name="pop" parent="android:Animation">
        <item name="android:windowEnterAnimation">@anim/pop_in</item>
        <item name="android:windowExitAnimation">@anim/pop_out</item>
    </style>
</resources>

最后渐入渐出加上，背景色随之变色代码

package com.example.day2_lx;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.Layout;
import android.view.ContextMenu;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.PopupMenu;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private Button button;
    private Button button2;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        button2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
        //按钮点击事件
        button2.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //创建对象
                PopupWindow popupWindow = new PopupWindow(MainActivity.this);
                /**
                 * 设置三要素，缺一不可
                 * 宽高，都可以随意设置
                 *
                 */
                popupWindow.setHeight(ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
                popupWindow.setWidth(200);
                //第一个参数上下文 第二个参数 自定义布局
                View inflate = LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.layout, null);
                popupWindow.setContentView(inflate);
                //点击外部 消失
                popupWindow.setOutsideTouchable(true);

                //绑定
                popupWindow.setAnimationStyle(R.style.pop);

                //设置弹出后背景颜色
                WindowManager.LayoutParams attributes = getWindow().getAttributes();
                attributes.alpha=0.5f;
                getWindow().setAttributes(attributes);

                //消失后背景回复
                //结束监听事件
                popupWindow.setOnDismissListener(new PopupWindow.OnDismissListener() {
                    @Override
                    public void onDismiss() {
                        WindowManager.LayoutParams attributes = 				getWindow().getAttributes();
                        attributes.alpha=1;
                        getWindow().setAttributes(attributes);
                    }
                });

                //展示在控件的下方
               // popupWindow.showAsDropDown(button2,0,0);
                //可展示随意位置
                popupWindow.showAtLocation(button2, Gravity.CENTER,0,0);
            }
        });
    }
}

注意：想看最后的效果 快快动起手来