JS中String字符串的常用方法
String.charAt(index)
返回字符串下标为index的字符,参数为空则返回第一个
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.charAt(9);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//v
String.charCodeAt(index)
返回字符串下标为index的字符的Unicode值,参数为空则返回第一个
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.charAt(9);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//118
String.concat(str1,str2,…)
把字符串和str1、str2拼接并返回新的字符串
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.concat(" hello word");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I like JavaScript hello word
String.fromCharcode(c1,c2,…)
把Unicode值转换为字符
console.log(String.fromCharCode(97,98,99,120,121,122))
//output: abcxyz
console.log(String.fromCharCode(72,69,76,76,79))
//HELLO
String.indexOf(str[,index])
搜索(如果找到)并返回str所在位置的索引值,如果没有找到就返回-1。index为开始搜索的位置,默认值为0
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.indexOf("l");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//2
String.lastIndexOf(str[,start])
返回str在字符串中最后一次出现的位置,如果找不到则返回-1。start为开始搜索的位置,默认为0
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.lastIndexOf("a");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//10
String.match(reg)
根据正则表达式在字符串中搜索匹配项。返回一个信息数组,如果没有找到匹配项则返回null。
let reg = /\d+/
let str = "I like JavaScript 123";
let s = str.match(reg);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//[index: 18,input: "I like JavaScript 123"]
let reg = /\d+/
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.match(reg);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//null
String.replace(str1,str2)
把字符串中,str1替换为str2,str1可以为正则表达式,表示替换一个与正则表达式匹配的子串。
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.replace("like","love");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I love JavaScript
String.search(str)
查找字符串中str的位置,返回值为str出现的初始位置,如果找不到,则返回-1
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.search("like");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//2
String.slice(start[,end])
从start位置开始截取,到end(不包括end)位置结束,并返回截取的字符串。如果不传end则截取到末尾
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.slice(7);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//JavaScript
String.split(str[,num])
把字符串用str分割成num份,如果num为空,则每个字符都会分割,最后返回一个新数组
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.split("");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//["I", " ", "l", "i", "k", "e", " ", "J", "a", "v", "a", "S", "c", "r", "i", "p", "t"]
String.substr(start[,length])
从字符串中start的位置(包含start所指的字符)抽取length个字符,并返回一个新的数组。如果不传length则抽取到末尾
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.substr(2);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//like JavaScript
String.substring(from[,to])
从字符串中from的位置抽取到to(不包含to)的位置,并返回一个新的数组。如果不传to则抽取到末尾
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.substring(7);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//JavaScript
String.toLowerCase()
把字符串全部变成小写
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.toLowerCase();
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//i like javascript
String.toUpperCase()
把字符串全部变成大写
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.toUpperCase();
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I LIKE JAVASCRIPT
String.includes(str)
检查字符串中是否含有str
- 此方法区分大小写
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.includes("like");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//true
String.endsWith(str)
检查字符串是否已str结尾
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.endsWith("Script");
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//true
String.repeat(num)
将num个字符串拼接到一起并返回
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.repeat(3);
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I like JavaScriptI like JavaScriptI like JavaScript
String.valueOf()
返回数组的初始值
let str = "I like JavaScript";
let s = str.valueOf();
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I like JavaScript
String.trim()
去除字符串开头和末尾的空格并返回
let str = " I like JavaScript ";
let s = str.trim();
console.log(s);
//运行结果
//I like JavaScript