Java之@Schedule与@Async注解失效总结

Schedule注解失效

Schedule标记的方法的类没有被spring托管

当@Scheduled方法所属的类没有使用@Component，@Service,@Controller等修饰的时候定时任务不执行，当两个定时任务同时执行时,两个定时任务随机先后执行

/**
 * 当前类不交给spring托管，定时任务失效
 * 两个定时任务同一个时间点，谁先抢到锁谁先执行
 */
@Component
public class ScheduleOne {
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 22 * * * ? ")
    public void test1() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("子线程名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            System.out.println(String.format("第%d次执行任务一",i));
        }
    }
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 22 * * * ? ")
    public void test2() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("子线程名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            System.out.println(String.format("第%d次执行任务二",i));
        }
    }
}

@Async注解失效

异步任务等同于开启了一个线程池，也可以自定义线程池

同类中调用异步方法，异步功能失效

    @Async("asyncExecutors")
    public void java() {
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------elegant separator-----------------------------------------------------------------");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println("Async++++++++子线程java名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(i + "hello java");
        }
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------elegant separator-----------------------------------------------------------------");
    }

    @Test
    public void getJava() {
        java();
        System.out.println("异步任务执行成功了吗");
    }

执行结果：

通过测试方法调用异步方法异步失效

    @Async
    public void python() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
                System.out.println("Async++++++++子线程java名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println(i + "hello python");
        }
    }
    

    @Test
    public void getPython() {

        PrintOne printOne = new PrintOne();
        printOne.python();
        System.out.println("异步任务执行成功了吗");
    }

通过new对象调用异步方法异步失效

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET,value = "three")
    public String test3() {
        PrintOne printOne1 = new PrintOne();
        printOne1.python();
        System.out.println("主线程名"+ Thread.currentThread().getName());
        return "方法返回值";
    }

测试类中异步方法压根不会进入

@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class AsyncTest {
    /**
     * 测试类中异步方法不执行
     */
    @Resource
    PrintOne printOne;
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        printOne.python();
        System.out.println("异步任务执行了吗");
    }
}

类被spring托管，且使用自动装配的方式调用才可以生效，且不在测试类中注解生效

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET,value = "one")
    public String test2() {
        printOne.java();
        System.out.println("主线程名"+ Thread.currentThread().getName());
        return "方法返回值";
    }

执行结果

@Schedule与@Async同时存在

两个任务可以交替执行

@Service
public class ScheduledThree {
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 45 * * * ? ")
    @Async
    public void test1() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("ScheduleThree-----子线程1名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
    }
    @Scheduled(cron = "0 45 * * * ? ")
    @Async
    public void test2() {
        for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            System.out.println("ScheduleThree-----子线程2名："+Thread.currentThread().getName());
        }
    }
}