生产者消费者问题

synchronized版

  使用if判断(会出现虚假唤醒)

      只有两个线程的情况

public class SynchronizedPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date date = new Date();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.add();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.subtract();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"B").start();

    }
}


//资源类
class Date{
    private int number = 0;

    public synchronized void add() throws InterruptedException {
        if (number!=0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number++;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我+1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized void subtract() throws InterruptedException {
        if (number==0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我-1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }
}

      多个线程的情况

public class SynchronizedPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date date = new Date();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.add();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.subtract();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"B").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.add();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"C").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.subtract();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"D").start();


    }
}


//资源类
class Date{
    private int number = 0;

    public synchronized void add() throws InterruptedException {
        if (number!=0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number++;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我+1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized void subtract() throws InterruptedException {
        if (number==0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我-1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }
}

        存在问题:如果是多个线程(可能不会出现上面预期的结果,可能是有2,3出现) ——> 虚假唤醒

  使用while循环

        为解决虚假唤醒问题我们需要将if判断改为while循环

        用if判断的话,唤醒后线程会从wait之后的代码开始运行,但是不会重新判断if条件,直接继续运行if代码块之后的代码,而如果使用while的话,也会从wait之后的代码运行,但是唤醒后会重新判断循环条件,如果不成立再执行while代码块之后的代码块,成立的话继续wait。

        拿两个加法线程A、C来说,比如A先执行,执行时调用了wait方法,那它会等待,此时会释放锁,那么线程C获得锁并且也会执行wait方法,两个加线程一起等待被唤醒。此时减线程中的某一个线程执行完毕并且唤醒了这俩加线程,那么这俩加线程不会一起执行,其中A获取了锁并且加1,执行完毕之后C再执行。如果是if的话,那么A修改完num后,C不会再去判断num的值,直接会给num+1。如果是while的话,A执行完之后,C还会去判断num的值,因此就不会执行。

public class SynchronizedPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date date = new Date();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.add();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.subtract();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"B").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.add();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"C").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                try {
                    date.subtract();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        },"D").start();


    }
}


//资源类
class Date{
    private int number = 0;

    public synchronized void add() throws InterruptedException {
        while (number!=0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number++;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我+1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }

    public synchronized void subtract() throws InterruptedException {
        while (number==0){
            //等待
            this.wait();
        }
        number--;
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
        //通知其他线程,我-1完毕了
        this.notifyAll();
    }
}

Lock版

        生产者和消费者问题 JUC版本

        通过Lock找到Condition

        代码实现

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class LockPC {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Date2 date = new Date2();
        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                date.add();
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                date.subtract();
            }
        },"B").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                date.add();
            }
        },"C").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
                date.subtract();
            }
        },"D").start();
    }
}



//资源类
class Date2{
    private int number = 0;
    Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    Condition condition =lock.newCondition();

    //condition.await();    等待
    //condition.signalAll();    唤醒全部
    public void add(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number!=0){
                //等待
                condition.await();
            }
            number++;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
            //通知其他线程,我+1完毕了
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void subtract(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number==0){
                //等待
                condition.await();
            }
            number--;
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——>" + number);
            //通知其他线程,我+1完毕了
            condition.signalAll();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

 

Condition实现精准通知唤醒

        可以实现A执行完,调用B,B执行完,调用C,C执行完,调用A的执行顺序

    代码实现

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Condition;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

public class ConditionTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //A执行完,调用B,B执行完,调用C,C执行完,调用A
        Date3 date = new Date3();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                date.printA();
            }
        },"A").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                date.printB();
            }
        },"B").start();

        new Thread(()->{
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                date.printC();
            }
        },"C").start();
    }
    
}


//资源类 Lock
class Date3{
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Condition condition1 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition2 = lock.newCondition();
    private Condition condition3 = lock.newCondition();

    private int number = 1; //A=1,B=2,C=3

    public void printA(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number!=1){
                //等待
                condition1.await();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——> AAAAA");
            number = 2;
            //唤醒线程B
            condition2.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void printB(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number!=2){
                //等待
                condition2.await();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——> BBBBB");
            number = 3;
            //唤醒线程C
            condition3.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void printC(){
        lock.lock();
        try {
            while (number!=3){
                //等待
                condition3.await();
            }
            System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "——> CCCCC");
            number = 1;
            //唤醒线程A
            condition1.signal();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }

}

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