SQL语句一道例题

create table goods (

  goods_id mediumint(8) unsigned primary key auto_increment,

  goods_name varchar(120) not null default '',

  cat_id smallint(5) unsigned not null default '0',

  brand_id smallint(5) unsigned not null default '0',

  goods_sn char(15) not null default '',

  goods_number smallint(5) unsigned not null default '0',

  shop_price decimal(10,2) unsigned not null default '0.00',

  market_price decimal(10,2) unsigned not null default '0.00',

  click_count int(10) unsigned not null default '0'

) ;

insert into `goods` values (1,'kd876',4,8,'ecs000000',1,1388.00,1665.60,9),

(4,'诺基亚n85原装充电器',8,1,'ecs000004',17,58.00,69.60,0),

(3,'诺基亚原装5800耳机',8,1,'ecs000002',24,68.00,81.60,3),

(5,'索爱原装m2卡读卡器',11,7,'ecs000005',8,20.00,24.00,3),

(6,'胜创kingmax内存卡',11,0,'ecs000006',15,42.00,50.40,0),

(7,'诺基亚n85原装立体声耳机hs-82',8,1,'ecs000007',20,100.00,120.00,0),

(8,'飞利浦9@9v',3,4,'ecs000008',1,399.00,478.79,10),

(9,'诺基亚e66',3,1,'ecs000009',4,2298.00,2757.60,20),

(10,'索爱c702c',3,7,'ecs000010',7,1328.00,1593.60,11),

(11,'索爱c702c',3,7,'ecs000011',1,1300.00,0.00,0),

(12,'摩托罗拉a810',3,2,'ecs000012',8,983.00,1179.60,13),

(13,'诺基亚5320 xpressmusic',3,1,'ecs000013',8,1311.00,1573.20,13),

(14,'诺基亚5800xm',4,1,'ecs000014',1,2625.00,3150.00,6),

(15,'摩托罗拉a810',3,2,'ecs000015',3,788.00,945.60,8),

(16,'恒基伟业g101',2,11,'ecs000016',0,823.33,988.00,3),

(17,'夏新n7',3,5,'ecs000017',1,2300.00,2760.00,2),

(18,'夏新t5',4,5,'ecs000018',1,2878.00,3453.60,0),

(19,'三星sgh-f258',3,6,'ecs000019',12,858.00,1029.60,7),

(20,'三星bc01',3,6,'ecs000020',12,280.00,336.00,14),

(21,'金立 a30',3,10,'ecs000021',40,2000.00,2400.00,4),

(22,'多普达touch hd',3,3,'ecs000022',1,5999.00,7198.80,16),

(23,'诺基亚n96',5,1,'ecs000023',8,3700.00,4440.00,17),

(24,'p806',3,9,'ecs000024',100,2000.00,2400.00,35),

(25,'小灵通/固话50元充值卡',13,0,'ecs000025',2,48.00,57.59,0),

(26,'小灵通/固话20元充值卡',13,0,'ecs000026',2,19.00,22.80,0),

(27,'联通100元充值卡',15,0,'ecs000027',2,95.00,100.00,0),

(28,'联通50元充值卡',15,0,'ecs000028',0,45.00,50.00,0),

(29,'移动100元充值卡',14,0,'ecs000029',0,90.00,0.00,0),

(30,'移动20元充值卡',14,0,'ecs000030',9,18.00,21.00,1),

(31,'摩托罗拉e8 ',3,2,'ecs000031',1,1337.00,1604.39,5),

(32,'诺基亚n85',3,1,'ecs000032',4,3010.00,3612.00,9);

-- 分类表

create table category (

    cat_id smallint unsigned auto_increment primary key,

    cat_name varchar(90) not null default '',

    parent_id smallint unsigned

);

INSERT INTO `category` VALUES

(1,'手机类型',0),

(2,'CDMA手机',1),

(3,'GSM手机',1),

(4,'3G手机',1),

(5,'双模手机',1),

(6,'手机配件',0),

(7,'充电器',6),

(8,'耳机',6),

(9,'电池',6),

(11,'读卡器和内存卡',6),   

(12,'充值卡',0),

(13,'小灵通/固话充值卡',12),

(14,'移动手机充值卡',12),

(15,'联通手机充值卡',12);

select where常用运算符:

 

-- 1:主键为32的商品
SELECT * FROM goods
WHERE goods_id = 32;
-- 2:不属第3栏目的所有商品（category中id为3）
SELECT * FROM goods
WHERE cat_id != 3;
-- 3:本店价格高于3000元的商品
SELECT * FROM goods
WHERE shop_price>3000;
-- 4:本店价格低于或等于100元的商品
SELECT * FROM goods
WHERE shop_price <= 100;
-- 5:取出第4栏目或第11栏目的商品
select * from goods
where cat_id in (4,11);

select * from goods
where cat_id = 4 or cat_id = 11;
-- 6:取出100<=价格<=500的商品
select * from goods
where shop_price >= 100 and shop_price <=500;
-- BETWEEN AND是能取到开始和结束的值，等价于>= and <=
select * from goods
where shop_price between 100 and 500;
-- 7:取出不属于第3栏目且不属于第11栏目的商品(and,或not in分别实现)
select * from goods
where cat_id != 3 or cat_id != 11;

select * from goods
where cat_id not in(3,11);
-- 8:取出价格大于100且小于300,或者大于4000且小于5000的商品()
-- 这种写法很容易出奇异，要加括号，写出有歧义的语句并不能显出你多厉害
select * from goods
where (shop_price > 100 and shop_price < 300) or (shop_price > 4000 and shop_price < 5000)
-- 9:取出第3个栏目下面价格<1000或>3000,并且点击量>5的系列商品
select * from goods
where cat_id = 3 and (shop_price < 1000 or shop_price > 3000) and click_count > 5;
 
-- 10:取出第1个栏目下面的商品(注意:1栏目下面没商品,但其子栏目下有)
select * from goods
where cat_id = 1 or cat_id in (select cat_id from category where parent_id = 1);
-- 11:取出名字以"诺基亚"开头的商品
-- like 模糊匹配
-- % 通配任意字符
-- _ 通配单一字符
SELECT goods_id,goods_name FROM goods 
WHERE goods_name LIKE '诺基亚%';
-- 15:把goods表中商品名为'诺基亚xxxx'的商品,改为'HTCxxxx'
UPDATE goods SET goods_name = INSERT(goods_name,1,3,'HTC') WHERE goods_name LIKE '诺基亚%';
UPDATE goods SET goods_name = INSERT(goods_name,1,3,'诺基亚') WHERE goods_name LIKE 'HTC%';

SELECT SUBSTRING(goods_name,4) FROM goods WHERE goods_name like '诺基亚%';

SELECT goods_id,CONCAT('HTC',SUBSTRING(goods_name,4)),shop_price FROM goods    WHERE goods_name like '诺基亚%';

-- 查询积压的货款
SELECT sum(shop_price*goods_number)as '积压货款' FROM goods;
SELECT cat_id,sum(shop_price*goods_number) as total_price FROM goods GROUP BY cat_id HAVING total_price>20000;

-- 查询加个前三的货物

select * from goods order by shop_price desc limit 0,3;