1. 通过id获取页面元素__document.getElementById
<body>
<div id="box">
<ul>
<li class="box_items">李沁</li>
<li class="box_items">迪丽热巴</li>
<li class="box_items">李一桐</li>
<li class="box_items">杨洋</li>
<li class="box_items">胡歌</li>
<li class="box_items">沈腾</li>
</ul>
</div>
<script>
// 1. 通过getElementById获取页面元素
var element = document.getElementById("box");
console.log(element); //
</script>
</body>
2. 通过类名获取元素__document.getElementsByClassName
<body>
<div id="box">
<ul>
<li class="box_item">李沁</li>
<li class="box_item">迪丽热巴</li>
<li class="box_item">李一桐</li>
<li class="box_item">杨洋</li>
<li class="box_item">胡歌</li>
<li class="box_item">沈腾</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- 2. 通过类名获取元素 -->
<script>
var lis = document.getElementsByClassName("box_item");
console.log(lis);
</script>
</body>
3. 通过标签获取元素__document.getElementsByTagName
<body>
<div id="box">
<ul>
<li class="box_item">李沁</li>
<li class="box_item">迪丽热巴</li>
<li class="box_item">李一桐</li>
<li class="box_item">杨洋</li>
<li class="box_item">胡歌</li>
<li class="box_item">沈腾</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- 3. 通过标签获取元素 -->
<script>
var lis = document.getElementsByTagName("li");
for (let i = 0; i < lis.length; i++) {
lis[i].onclick = function(){
console.log(window.confirm("真的好看!"));
}
}
</script>
</body>
4. 通过选择器获取元素(默认选中文档中的第一个符合条件的元素)__document.querySelector
<body>
<div id="box">
<ul>
<li class="box_item">李沁</li>
<li class="box_item">迪丽热巴</li>
<li class="box_item">李一桐</li>
<li class="box_item">杨洋</li>
<li class="box_item">胡歌</li>
<li class="box_item">沈腾</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- 4. 通过选择器获取元素(默认选中文档中的第一个符合条件的元素) -->
<script>
var firstElement = document.querySelector("li.box_item");
firstElement.onclick = function(){
alert("我喜欢你");
}
</script>
</body>
5. 找出符合选择器的全部元素(伪数组)__document.querySelectorAll
<body>
<div id="box">
<ul>
<li class="box_item">李沁</li>
<li class="box_item">迪丽热巴</li>
<li class="box_item">李一桐</li>
<li class="box_item">杨洋</li>
<li class="box_item">胡歌</li>
<li class="box_item">沈腾</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- 4. 通过选择器获取元素(默认选中文档中的第一个符合条件的元素) -->
<script>
var elements = document.querySelectorAll("li.box_item");
for (let i = 0; i < elements.length; i++) {
elements[i].onclick = function(){
alert("你们真好看!");
}
}
</script>
</body>