Java实现单链表

介绍

通过类实现单链表。

Student类：单链表存储数据为学生类的对象，成员有名字、学号、性别、专业

Node类：节点

NotFoundException类：用于处理单链表各种异常情况

Link类：单链表类，方法有添加节点，删除节点，查看特定节点，查看所有节点，删除末尾结点，删除特定节点，修改指定节点

Test类：主方法实现

实现代码

Node类

public class Node {
    // 学生对象
    private Student student;

    // 下个节点地址
    Node next;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "学生信息：\n" +
                "姓名'" + student.getName() + '\'' +
                ", 学号='" + student.getSno() + '\'' +
                ", 性别='" + student.getSex() + '\'' +
                ", 专业='" + student.getMajor() + '\'';
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }
}

Link类

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Link {
    // 头节点
    Node header;

    // 单链表元素个数
    private int size;

    // 构造方法
    public Link(){
    }

    // 获取元素个数
    public int size(){
        return size;
    }

    // 添加元素
    public void add(Node node){
        if(header == null){
            header = node;
            size++;
        }else{
            Node node1 = header;
            Node lastNode = findLastNode(node1);
            lastNode.next = node;
            node.next = null;
            size++;
        }
    }

    // 找到单链表中最后一个元素
    private Node findLastNode(Node node) {
        if(node.next == null){
            return node;
        }else{
            return findLastNode(node.next);
        }
    }

    // 删除末尾元素
    public void remove() throws NotFoundException{
        Node node = header;
        Node pre = header;
        if(node == null){
            throw new NotFoundException("单链表暂无数据");
        }
        if(node.next == null){
            header = null;
            size--;
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
        while(node.next != null){
            if(node.next.next == null){
                node.next = null;
                size--;
                System.out.println("删除成功");
            }else{
                node = node.next;
            }
        }
    }

    // 查找指定元素
    public Node find(Student student) throws NotFoundException{
        Node node = header;
        if(node == null)
            throw new NotFoundException("该单链表中无数据！");
        while(node != null){
            if(node.getStudent().equals(student))
                return node;
            else
                node = node.next;
        }
        throw new NotFoundException("未查找到相关学生信息");
    }

    // 删除指定学生
    public void remove(Student student) throws NotFoundException{
        // 当前节点
        Node node = header;
        if(node == null)
            throw new NotFoundException("删除失败,单链表无数据");
        if(node.next == null && !node.getStudent().equals(student)){
            throw new NotFoundException("删除失败,单链表无数据");
        }else if(node.next == null){
            header = null;
        }
        while(node.next != null){
            if(node.next.getStudent().equals(student)){
                this.size--;
                node.next = node.next.next;
                System.out.println("删除成功！");
                break;
            }else{
                node = node.next;
            }
        }
        throw new NotFoundException("删除失败,单链表无数据");
    }

    // 修改学生信息
    public void modify(Student student) throws NotFoundException{
        Node node = header;
        if(node == null)
            throw new NotFoundException("该单链表中无数据！");
        while(node != null){
            if(node.getStudent().equals(student)) {
                System.out.println(node.getStudent());
                Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
                System.out.println("修改信息：");
                System.out.print("学生姓名：");
                node.getStudent().setName(s.next());
                System.out.print("学生性别：");
                node.getStudent().setSex(s.next());
                System.out.print("学生学号：");
                node.getStudent().setSno(s.next());
                System.out.print("学生专业：");
                node.getStudent().setMajor(s.next());
                System.out.println("修改成功，新信息如下：");
                System.out.println(node);
                return;
            }
            else
                node = node.next;
        }
        throw new NotFoundException("未查找到相关学生信息");
    }

    // 查看所有学生信息
    public void allInformation() throws NotFoundException{
        Node node = header;
        if(node == null){
            throw new NotFoundException("单链表暂无数据！");
        }
        while(node != null){
            System.out.println(node);
            node = node.next;
        }
    }
}

Student类

public class Student {
    // 姓名
    private String name;
    // 学号
    private String sno;
    // 性别
    private String sex;
    // 专业
    private String major;

    public Student() {
    }
    // 构造方法
    public Student(String name, String sno, String sex, String major) {
        this.name = name;
        this.sno = sno;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.major = major;
    }

    // setter and getter

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getSno() {
        return sno;
    }

    public void setSno(String sno) {
        this.sno = sno;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }

    public String getMajor() {
        return major;
    }

    public void setMajor(String major) {
        this.major = major;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if(obj == null || !(obj instanceof Student)) return false;
        if(this == obj) return true;
        Student s = (Student)obj;
        return this.sno.equals(s.getSno());
    }
}

Test类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Link stuLink = new Link();
        Node s1 = new Node();
        Node s2 = new Node();
        Node s3 = new Node();
        Node s4 = new Node();
        Node s5 = new Node();
        Node s6 = new Node();
        Node s7 = new Node();
        s1.setStudent(new Student("张三","02121","男","计算机"));
        s2.setStudent(new Student("李四","02111","男","计算机"));
        s3.setStudent(new Student("王五","02131","男","电子通信"));
        s4.setStudent(new Student("夏琪","02141","女","计算机"));
        s5.setStudent(new Student("吴去","02151","男","大数据"));
        s6.setStudent(new Student("贾生","02161","男","计算机"));
        stuLink.add(s1);
        stuLink.add(s2);
        stuLink.add(s3);
        stuLink.add(s4);
        stuLink.add(s5);
        stuLink.add(s6);

        // 显示全部学生信息
        stuLink.allInformation();

        // 查找测试
        try {
            System.out.println(stuLink.find(s2.getStudent()));
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }

        // 删除指定测试
        try{
            stuLink.remove(s3.getStudent());
        }catch(NotFoundException e){
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            stuLink.allInformation();
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        System.out.println(stuLink.size());
        try {
            System.out.println(stuLink.find(s3.getStudent()));
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }


         //修改测试
        try {
            stuLink.modify(s3.getStudent());
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            System.out.println(stuLink.find(s3.getStudent()));
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }


        // 删除尾结点测试
        try {
            stuLink.remove();
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
        try {
            stuLink.allInformation();
        } catch (NotFoundException e) {
            System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

NotFoundException类

public class NotFoundException extends Exception{
    public NotFoundException() {
    }

    public NotFoundException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}