Map方法的实现与遍历

Map接口存储的是一对对的映射 从key到value的映射 key是唯一的，value可以重复

• Map接口常用方法

put(Object key,Object value)    以键-值 方式存储

get(Object key)    返回相关联的值 如果该键不存在 返回null

remove(Object key) 删除指定的键值对

size() 返回集合元素个数

keySet() 返回键的集合

values() 返回值得集合

containsKey(Object key)    判断是否存在相应的键值对

Map实例

public class Countries {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        Map countries = new HashMap();
        countries.put("China","中国");
        countries.put("USA","美国");
        countries.put("Japan","日本");
        countries.put("India","印度");
        //查看集合中元素个数
        System.out.println("集合中元素个数是" + countries.size());
        //获取集合中特定的key值所对应的value   如果找不到对应值  返回null
        System.out.println(countries.get("USA"));
        //判断集合中是否存在某一个国家
        System.out.println("是否存在键值为China的国家" + "\t" + countries.containsKey("China"));
        //删除特定的键值对
        countries.remove("USA");
        System.out.println("是否存在键值为USA的国家" + "\t" + countries.containsKey("USA"));
        System.out.println("集合中元素个数是" + countries.size());
        //获取键的集合   获取值的集合   获取键值对的集合
        System.out.println(countries.keySet());
        System.out.println(countries.values());
        System.out.println(countries);
    }
}

 结果

•  遍历Map 

1、通过迭代器Iterator实现

public class Countries {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        Map countries = new HashMap();
        countries.put("China","中国");
        countries.put("USA","美国");
        countries.put("Japan","日本");
        countries.put("India","印度");     
        Set keys = countries.keySet();  //获取Map中所有key
        //用迭代器Iterator遍历key集合
        Iterator a = keys.iterator();
        while (a.hasNext()){
            String key = (String)a.next();
            String value = (String) countries.get(key);//根据Map中每个key去获取对应的value
            System.out.println(key + "----->" + value);
        }
    }
}

 

2、通过增强for循环实现

public class Countries {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合对象
        Map countries = new HashMap();
        countries.put("China","中国");
        countries.put("USA","美国");
        countries.put("Japan","日本");
        countries.put("India","印度");
        //遍历Map  通过遍历key  去遍历value
        Set keys = countries.keySet();  //获取Map中所有key
        for (Object obj : keys) {
            String key = (String) obj;
            String value = (String) countries.get(key);//根据Map中每个key去获取对应的value
            System.out.println(key + "----->" + value);
        }
    }
}