13.图片验证码接口

1.Django 缓存设置

django的六种缓存（mysql+redis） ：https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaonq/p/7978402.html#i6

1.1 安装Django缓存模块

pip install django-redis==4.12.1

1.2 syl/settings.py中配置缓存

# 缓存配置
CACHES = {
	# django存缓默认位置,redis 0号库
	# default: 连接名称
	"default": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/0",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	},
	# django session存 reidis 1 号库（现在基本不需要使用）
	"session": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/1",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	},
	# 图形验证码，存redis 2号库
	"img_code": {
		"BACKEND": "django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
		"LOCATION": "redis://127.0.0.1:6379/2",
		"OPTIONS": {
			"CLIENT_CLASS": "django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
		}
	}
}

# 配置session使用redis存储
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache" 
# 配置session存储的位置: 使用cache中的 session配置
SESSION_CACHE_ALIAS = "session"

2.新建应用verifications

• 图形验证码
• 短信验证码
• 邮件验证

'''2.1 在apps文件夹下新建应用： verifications''' 
python ../manage.py startapp verifications   # 切换到apps文件夹下执行创建命令


'''2.2 在syl/settings.py中添加应用''' 
INSTALLED_APPS = [
	'verifications.apps.VerificationsConfig', 
]


'''2.3 在syl/urls.py主路由中添加''' 
path('verify/', include('verifications.urls')),


'''2.4 添加子路由： verifications/urls.py''' 
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
	# path('image_codes/', views.ImageCodeView.as_view()) 
]

3.图形验证码captcha使用

1.下载captcha压缩包captcha.zip，放到项目packages文件夹下
2.解压captcha.zip放到syl/libs文件夹下
3.解压文件中的syl/libs/captcha/captcha.py 右键运行即可生成图片验证码 unzip xxx.zip

4.在verifications/views.py中使用

from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseForbidden
from django.views import View
from django_redis import get_redis_connection
from libs.captcha.captcha import captcha

class ImageCodeView(View):
	def get(self, request):
		# 1.接收数据
		uuid = request.GET.get('uuid')

		# 2.校验数据
		if not uuid:
			return HttpResponseForbidden('uuid无效')

		# 3.处理业务
		# 获取图片文本内容和图片二进制代码
		text, image = captcha.generate_captcha()

		# 4.把uuid和图片文本存入redis
		redis_client = get_redis_connection('img_code')  # 获取redis客户端

		# 5.写入redis(是字符串)
		redis_client.setex(uuid, 60 * 5, text)

		# 6.返回响应图片
		return HttpResponse(image, content_type='image/jpg')

5.测试验证码接口

http://192.168.56.100:8888/verify/image_codes/?uuid=66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3005056c00008

127.0.0.1:6379>#  select 2 
OK
127.0.0.1:6379[2]>#  keys * 
1) "66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3-005056c00008"
127.0.0.1:6379[2]>#  get 66ea64aa-fbe6-11ea-a3d3-005056c00008 
"JEZ6"