如何顺序执行10个异步任务？

方法一：for 循环 + await

简单的 for 循环是依次进行循环的，不像 Array.forEach，Array.map 方法是并发执行的，利用这一特点加 async / await 实现：

(async () => {
  const sleep = delay => {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      setTimeout(_ => resolve(), delay)
    })
  }
  
  const task = (i) => {
    return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
      await sleep(500)
      console.log(`now is ${i}`)
      ++i
      resolve(i)
    })
  }
  
  let param = 0
  for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    param = await task(param)
  }  
})()

//输出：
//now is 0
//now is 1
//now is 2
//now is 3

方法二：Array.prototype.reduce

reduce有初始值，积累值，以及当前值的概念。其中 积累值可以看作是前一个值，通过返回积累值又可以看作是 下一个值。使用reduce来解决：

const sleep = delay => {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    setTimeout(_ => resolve(), delay)
  })
}

const task = (i) => {
  return new Promise(async (resolve, reject) => {
    await sleep(500)
    console.log(`now is ${i}`)
    ++i
    resolve(i)
  })
}

[task, task, task, task].reduce(async (prev, task) => {
  const res = await prev
  return task(res)
}, 0)

//输出：
//now is 0
//now is 1
//now is 2
//now is 3

可以理解为：
prev：前一个 异步任务（promise）
task：当前的异步任务
当前的异步任务需要上一个异步任务的结果作参数，所以很显然要 await prev。