java学生信息关系系统（基础）

本案例在实现时使用了Java语言中的ArrayList集合来储存数据。我把整个项目分成了Student 、StudentSystem 两个部分，实现了一个简单的增删改查功能的学生信息管理系统。

Student类

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private  String name;
    private  int age;
    private String address;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Student(String id, String name, int age, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Student() {
    }
}

StudentSystem测试类

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentSystem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("----------欢迎来到学生管理系统----------");
            System.out.println("1.添加学生");
            System.out.println("2.删除学生");
            System.out.println("3.修改学生");
            System.out.println("4.查询学生");
            System.out.println("5.退出");
            Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
            String chose = sc.next();
            switch (chose) {
                case "1" -> addStudents(list);
                case "2" -> deleteStudent(list);
                case "3" -> modifyStudents(list);
                case "4" -> queryStudent(list);
                case "5" -> {
                    System.out.println("退出");
                    System.exit(0);//终止运行虚拟机
                }
                default -> System.out.println("无此选项");
            }
        }
    }

    //添加学生
    public static void addStudents(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Student student = new Student();
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.println("请输入ID");
        //确保id的唯一性
        String id = null;
        while (true) {
            id = sc.next();
            boolean flag = contains(list, id);
            if (flag) {
                //表示id已存在
                System.out.println("ID已存在，添加失败，请重新输入");
            } else {
                //表示id不存在，添加数据
                student.setId(id);
                break;
            }
        }

        System.out.println("请输入姓名");
        String name = sc.next();
        student.setName(name);

        System.out.println("请输入年龄");
        int age = sc.nextInt();
        student.setAge(age);

        System.out.println("请输入家庭住址");
        String address = sc.next();
        student.setAddress(address);

        list.add(student);
        System.out.println("学生信息添加成功");
    }

    //删除学生
    public static void deleteStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入删除用户ID");
        String id = sc.next();
        //id存在
        boolean flag = contains(list, id);
        if (flag) {
            int index = getIndex(list, id);
            list.remove(index);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
            //id不存在
        } else {
            System.out.println("删除失败，未查询到此id");
        }
    }

    //修改学生
    public static void modifyStudents(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入需修改学生ID");
        String id = sc.next();
        //id不存在
        int index = getIndex(list, id);
        if (index == -1) {
            System.out.println("修改失败，未查询到此id");
        }
        //id存在
        Student stu = list.get(index);
        System.out.println("请输入需修改的学生姓名");
        String name = sc.next();
        stu.setName(name);
        System.out.println("请输入需修改的学生年龄");
        int age = sc.nextInt();
        stu.setAge(age);
        System.out.println("请输入需修改的学生家庭住址");
        String address = sc.next();
        stu.setAddress(address);
        list.set(index, stu);
    }

    //查询学生
    public static void queryStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        if (list.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("当前无学生信息，请添加再查询");
            return;
        }
        System.out.println("ID\t姓名\t年龄\t家庭住址");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student student = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(student.getId() + "\t" + student.getName() + "\t" + student.getAge() + "\t" + student.getAddress());
        }
    }

    //判断id的唯一性
    public static boolean contains(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
//        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
//            if (id.equals(list.get(i).getId())) {
//                //存在
//                return true;
//            }
//        }
//        //不存在
//        return false;
        //简化代码
        return getIndex(list, id) >= 0;
    }

    //通过id获取索引
    public static int getIndex(ArrayList<Student> list, String id) {
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            if (list.get(i).getId().equals(id)) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }
}

功能演示

主界面

添加学生

查询学生

删除学生

修改学生