Python--项目（开发简易记事本软件）

作为一个Python初学者，我想通过写博客的方式来记录下来自己成长的过程，同时也分享一下自己学习到的知识。以下都是一个Python初学者对Python语言的一些浅见和个人理解。

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开发记事本软件的菜单
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from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkinter.colorchooser import *


class Application(Frame):

    def __init__(self, master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.textpad = None         # textpad表示Text文本框对象
        self.pack()
        self.createWidget()


    def createWidget(self):
        # 创建主菜单
        menubar = Menu(root)

        # 创建子菜单
        menuFile = Menu(menubar)
        menuEdit = Menu(menubar)
        menuHelp = Menu(menubar)

        # 将子菜单加入到主菜单栏
        menubar.add_cascade(label="文件(F)", menu=menuFile)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="编辑(E)", menu=menuEdit)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="帮助(H)", menu=menuHelp)

        # 添加菜单项
        menuFile.add_command(label="新建", accelerator="ctrl+n", command=self.newfile)
        menuFile.add_command(label="打开", accelerator="ctrl+o", command=self.openfile)
        menuFile.add_command(label="保存", accelerator="ctrl+s", command=self.savefile)
        menuFile.add_separator()  # 添加分割线
        menuFile.add_command(label="退出", accelerator="ctrl+q", command=self.quit)

        # 将主菜单栏加到根窗口
        root["menu"] = menubar

        # 增加快捷键的处理
        root.bind("<Control-n>", lambda event: self.newfile())
        root.bind("<Control-o>", lambda event: self.openfile())
        root.bind("<Control-s>", lambda event: self.savefile())
        root.bind("<Control-q>", lambda event: self.quit())

        # 文本编辑区
        self.textpad = Text(root, width=50, height=30)
        self.textpad.pack()

        # 创建上下菜单
        self.contextMenu = Menu(root)
        self.contextMenu.add_command(label="背景颜色", command=self.openAskColor)

        # 为右键绑定事件
        root.bind("<Button-3>", self.createContextMenu)

    def test(self):
            pass

    def createContextMenu(self, event):
            # 菜单在鼠标右键单击的坐标处显示
            self.contextMenu.post(event.x_root, event.y_root)

    def newfile(self):
        self.filename = asksaveasfile(title="另存为", initialfile="未命名.txt",
                                      filetypes=[("文本文档", "*.txt")],
                                      defaultextension=".txt")

    def openfile(self):
        self.textpad.delete("1.0", "end")    #把text控件中所有的内容清空
        with askopenfile(title="打开文本文件") as f:
            self.textpad.insert(INSERT, f.read())
            self.filename = f.name

    def savefile(self):
        with open(self.filename, "w") as f:
            c = self.textpad.get(1.0, END)
            f.write(c)

    def exit(self):
        root.quit()

    def openAskColor(self):
        s1 = askcolor(color="red", title="选择背景色")
        self.textpad.config(bg=s1[1])


if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("400x300+200+300")
    root.title("无敌通天记事本")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()