Java新手学习 2021-1-18 记录每天学习内容(如有侵权请联系删除！！！)

2021-1-18

1.集合与数组的比较

2.ArrayList的构造方法和添加（泛型的使用）

集合泛型的使用

<>里面可以指定数据类型，或者存放实体类

3.ArrayList集合常用方法（remove/set/get/size/案例列举）

list.get(i)获取指定索引位置的值
存储字符串并遍历案例

package com.ei.arraylist;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * @author wc
 * @Date: 2021/01/19/9:09
 */
public class GetList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      ArrayList<String> list=new ArrayList<>();
      list.add("adc");
      list.add("123");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            String s = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

存储学生对象并遍历案例

package com.ei.arraylist;
import java.util.ArrayList;

/**
 * @author wc
 * @Date: 2021/01/19/9:09
 */
public class GetList {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
      ArrayList<Student> list=new ArrayList<>();
        Student student = new Student("张三", 12);
        Student student1 = new Student("李四", 13);
        Student student2 = new Student("王五", 14);
        list.add(student);
        list.add(student1);
        list.add(student2);
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student s = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

集合删除元素

4.变量与常量比较

变量值可能为null，导致空指针异常，建议使用常量去调变量。

5.学生管理系统案例

1.菜单搭建

不知道循环次数，可以使用while死循环来进行，通过加上标号来跳出循环最后。

Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        lo:
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("欢迎来到学生管理系统");
            System.out.println("1 添加学生");
            System.out.println("2 删除学生");
            System.out.println("3 修改学生");
            System.out.println("4 查看学生");
            System.out.println("5 退出");
            System.out.println("请输入选择");
            int num = s.nextInt();
            switch (num) {
                case 1:
                    addStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    delStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    editStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    getStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    System.out.println("退出");
                    break lo;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入有误");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

2.添加学生

public static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        //扩大作用域
        String sid;
        //学号判重，死循环，当满足学号不重复时break
        while (true){
            System.out.println("请输入学号：");
             sid = sc.next();
            int index = getIndex(list, sid);
            if (index==-1){
                 break;
             }
        }
        System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入年龄：");
        int age = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入生日：");
        String birthday = sc.next();
        Student stu = new Student(sid, name, age, birthday);
        list.add(stu);
        System.out.println("添加成功");
    }

3.查看学生信息

 //查询信息

    public static void getStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        if (list.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("无信息，请添加后重试");
            return;
        }
        /*
        表头信息,\t 制表符
         */
        System.out.println("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t生日");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(stu.getSid() + "\t" + stu.getName() + "\t" + stu.getAge() + "\t" + stu.getBirthday());
        }
    }

4.删除学生信息

//删除信息

    public static void delStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的学号");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String delSid = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, delSid);
        if (index == -1) {
            System.out.println("查无信息，请重新输入");
        } else {
            list.remove(index);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
    }

5.修改学生信息

//修改信息

    public static void editStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学号:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String updateId = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, updateId);
        if (index == -1) {
            System.out.println("查无信息，请重新输入");
        } else {
            System.out.println("请输入新的姓名：");
            String name = sc.next();
            System.out.println("请输入新的年龄：");
            int age = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.println("请输入新的生日：");
            String birthday = sc.next();
            Student stu = new Student(updateId, name, age, birthday);
            list.set(index, stu);
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }
    }

所有代码

package wc.com.studentTest;

import wc.com.model.Student;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Scanner;

/**
 * @author wc
 * @Date: 2021/01/19/9:58
 */
public class StudentTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        lo:
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("欢迎来到学生管理系统");
            System.out.println("1 添加学生");
            System.out.println("2 删除学生");
            System.out.println("3 修改学生");
            System.out.println("4 查看学生");
            System.out.println("5 退出");
            System.out.println("请输入选择");
            int num = s.nextInt();
            switch (num) {
                case 1:
                    addStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    delStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    editStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    getStudent(list);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    System.out.println("退出");
                    break lo;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入有误");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    //新增信息

    public static void addStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        //扩大作用域
        String sid;
        //学号判重，死循环，当满足学号不重复时break
        while (true){
            System.out.println("请输入学号：");
             sid = sc.next();
            int index = getIndex(list, sid);
            if (index==-1){
                 break;
             }
        }
        System.out.println("请输入姓名：");
        String name = sc.next();
        System.out.println("请输入年龄：");
        int age = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入生日：");
        String birthday = sc.next();
        Student stu = new Student(sid, name, age, birthday);
        list.add(stu);
        System.out.println("添加成功");
    }
    //删除信息

    public static void delStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的学号");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String delSid = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, delSid);
        if (index == -1) {
            System.out.println("查无信息，请重新输入");
        } else {
            list.remove(index);
            System.out.println("删除成功");
        }
    }
    //修改信息

    public static void editStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学号:");
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        String updateId = sc.next();
        int index = getIndex(list, updateId);
        if (index == -1) {
            System.out.println("查无信息，请重新输入");
        } else {
            System.out.println("请输入新的姓名：");
            String name = sc.next();
            System.out.println("请输入新的年龄：");
            int age = sc.nextInt();
            System.out.println("请输入新的生日：");
            String birthday = sc.next();
            Student stu = new Student(updateId, name, age, birthday);
            list.set(index, stu);
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }
    }
    //查询信息

    public static void getStudent(ArrayList<Student> list) {
        if (list.size() == 0) {
            System.out.println("无信息，请添加后重试");
            return;
        }
        /*
        表头信息,\t 制表符
         */
        System.out.println("学号\t姓名\t年龄\t生日");
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            System.out.println(stu.getSid() + "\t" + stu.getName() + "\t" + stu.getAge() + "\t" + stu.getBirthday());
        }
    }


    public static int getIndex(ArrayList<Student> list, String sid) {
        int index = -1;
        for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
            Student stu = list.get(i);
            String id = stu.getSid();
            if (id.equals(sid)) {
                index = i;
            }
        }
        return index;
    }
}