LNMP（安装MySQL及PHP服务）

MySQL

MySQL安装配置

• 为了与Nginx、PHP环境保持- -致， 此处选择采用源代码编译的方式安装MySQL组件

MySQL部署的方法

• 编译安装MySQL
• 优化调整
• 初始化数据库
• 启动MySQL服务并设置root数据库账号的密码

MySQL安装

安装mysql环境依赖包

[root@server1 ~]# yum -y install ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake

创建运行用户

[root@server1 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql 

解压缩，编译安装

[root@server1 ~]# tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz 
[root@server1 ~]# cd mysql-5.7.20/
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.20]# cmake \
-DMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
[root@server1 mysql-5.7.20]# make && make install

数据库目录赋权

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/

编辑配置文件

[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port=3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id=1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

设置环境变量

[root@server1 ~]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
[root@server1 ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@server1 ~]# echo $PATH

初始化数据库

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

拷贝文件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# cp usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/        //将mysql服务启动脚本复制到systemd管理工具的目录下，便于使用systemctl管理

开启数据库，检查状态

[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# netstat -ntap |grep 3306
tcp6       0      0 :::3306                 :::*                    LISTEN      25120/mysqld

设置mysql密码

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqladmin -u root -p password
Enter password:          //回车，密码为空
New password:            //输入密码“123123”
Confirm new password:    //再次输入密码“123123”

登录数据库

[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -u root -p

PHP

PHP解析环境的安装

1、配置网页动静分离，解析PHP，有两种方法可以选择
使用PHP的FPM模块
将访问PHP页面的Web请求转交给Apache服务器去处理

2、较新版本的PHP已经自带FPM模块，对PHP解析实例进行管理、优化解析效率

• FastCGI将Http Server和动态脚本语言分离开
• Nginx专门处理静态请求，转发动态请求
• PHP-FPM专门解析PHP动态请求

3、单服务器的LNMP架构通常使用FPM方式来解析PHP

安装配置PHP

安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install \
libjpeg \
libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 \
libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

解压软件包

[root@server1 ~]# tar jvxf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 

配置文件并编译安装

[root@server1 ~]# cd php-7.1.10/
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \       //连接数据库
--with-mysqli \                   //客户端
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \                //开启php-fpm模块，使nginx能支持动态页面
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# make && make install

编辑配置文件

[root@server1 php-7.1.10]# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@server1 php-7.1.10]# vi /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock  //1170行
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai  //939行

验证安装的模块

[root@server1 php-7.1.10]# /usr/local/php/bin/php -m

配置fpm模块

[root@localhost php-7.1.10]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ls
pear.conf  php-fpm.conf.default  php-fpm.d
[root@server1 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@server1 etc]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cd /usr/local/php/etc/
[root@server1 etc]# vi php-fpm.conf
pid = run/php-fpm.pid     //前面 ; 去掉

启动并验证模块

[root@localhost etc]# /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
[root@localhost etc]# netstat -ntap | grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN     10051/php-fpm: maste

创建软连接

[root@localhost etc]# ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/

查看进程数

[root@localhost etc]# ps aux | grep -c "php-fpm"
4

配置Nginx支持PHP功能

[root@localhost etc]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  
location ~ \.php$ {
      root           html;
      fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index  index.php;
      fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
      include        fastcgi_params;
   }

[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

测试数据库工作是否正常

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p123123
Enter password:
mysql> create database test;
mysql> grant all on test.* to 'testuser'@'%' identified by '123123';
mysql> grant all on test.* to 'bbsuser'@'localhost' identified by '123123';
mysql> flush privileges;

部署Discuz！社区论坛Web应用

解压缩包

[root@server1 ~]# unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip 

进行配置

[root@server1 ~]# cd dir_SC_UTF8/
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# ls
readme  upload  utility
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cp -r upload /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
[root@localhost dir_SC_UTF8]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs  
[root@localhost test]# chown -R root:nginx ./config  //赋予安装论坛的文件权限
[root@localhost test]# chown -R root:nginx ./data
[root@localhost test]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client
[root@localhost test]# chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server
[root@localhost test]# chmod -R 777 ./config
[root@localhost test]# chmod -R 777 ./data
[root@localhost test]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_client
[root@localhost test]# chmod -R 777 ./uc_server

附：设置安装目录仅自己可见

[root@server1 ~]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs/
[root@server1 bbs]# mv install/ install.lock
[root@server1 bbs]# chmod 600 install.lock/