1、CyclicBarrier的字面意思是可循环使用(Cyclic)的屏障(Barrier)。它要做的事情是,让一组线程到达一个屏障(也可以叫同步点)时被阻塞,直到最后一个线程到达屏障时,屏障才会开门,所有被屏障拦截的线程才会继续运行。CyclicBarrier默认的构造方法是CyclicBarrier (int parties),其参数表示屏障拦截的线程数量,每个线程调用await方法告诉CyclicBarrier我已经到达了屏障,然后当前线程被阻塞。CyclicBarrier还提供一个更高级的构造函数 CyclicBarrier( int parties,RunnablebarrierAction),用于在线程到达屏障时,优先执行 barrierAction,方便处理更复杂的业务场景。CyclicBarrier可以用于多线程计算数据,最后合并计算结果的场景。
package cn.chujian.tools;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
/**
* 类说明:演示CyclicBarrier用法,共4个子线程,他们全部完成工作后,交出自己结果,
* 再被统一释放去做自己的事情,而交出的结果被另外的线程拿来拼接字符串
*/
public class UseCyclicBarrier {
private static CyclicBarrier barrier
= new CyclicBarrier(4, new CollectThread());
//存放子线程工作结果的容器
private static ConcurrentHashMap<String, Long> resultMap
= new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new SubThread());
thread.start();
}
new Thread(() -> {
try {
barrier.await();
} catch (InterruptedException | BrokenBarrierException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
).start();
}
/*汇总的任务*/
private static class CollectThread implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String, Long> workResult : resultMap.entrySet()) {
result.append("[" + workResult.getValue() + "]");
}
System.out.println(" the result = " + result);
System.out.println("do other business........");
}
}
/*相互等待的子线程*/
private static class SubThread implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
long id = Thread.currentThread().getId();
resultMap.put(Thread.currentThread().getId() + "", id);
try {
Thread.sleep(1000 + id);
System.out.println("Thread_" + id + " ....do something ");
barrier.await();
Thread.sleep(1000 + id);
System.out.println("Thread_" + id + " ....do its business ");
barrier.await();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}