C++学习笔记20——函数的值传递和常见样式

值传递

所谓值传递，就是函数调用时实参将数值传给形参
值传递时，如果形参发生变化，并不影响实参
示例：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


//值传递

//如果函数不需要返回值可以用void  可以不写return
void swap(int num1,int num2){

	cout << "交换前：" << endl;
	cout << "num1 = " << num1<<endl;
	cout << "num2 = " << num2 << endl;

	int temp = num1;
	num1 = num2;
	num2 = temp;

	cout << "交换后：" << endl;
	cout << "num1 = " << num1 << endl;
	cout << "num2 = " << num2 << endl;
}

int main() {

	int a = 20;
	int b = 30;

	swap(a, b);

	//当做值传递时，形参发生改变时不会影响实参
	cout << "a = " << a << endl;
	cout << "b = " << b << endl;

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

运行结果：

函数的常见样式

常见的函数样式有四种
1.无参无返
2.有参无返
3.无参有返
4.有参有返
示例：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;


//函数的常见样式

//1.无参无返
void test01() {
	cout << "this is test01" << endl;;
}

//2.有参无返
void test02(int a) {
	cout << "this is test02 a = " << a<<endl;
}

//3.无参有返
int test03() {
	cout << "this is test03" <<endl;
	return 1000;
}

//4.有参有返
int test04(int a) {
	cout << "this is test04 a = " << a << endl;
	return a;
}


void swap(int num1,int num2){

	cout << "交换前：" << endl;
	cout << "num1 = " << num1<<endl;
	cout << "num2 = " << num2 << endl;

	int temp = num1;
	num1 = num2;
	num2 = temp;

	cout << "交换后：" << endl;
	cout << "num1 = " << num1 << endl;
	cout << "num2 = " << num2 << endl;
}

int main() {

	//无参无返函数的调用
	test01();

	//有参无返的函数调用
	test02(100);

	//无参有返的函数调用
	int num1 = test03();
	cout << "mum1 = " << num1 << endl;

	//有参有返的函数调用
	int num2 = test04(10000);
	cout << "mum2 = " << num2 << endl;



	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

运行结果：