【Python 语言学习】 第7章 GUI编程

第7章 GUI编程

7.1 wxPython

创建GUI程序的三个主要步骤：

• 导入wxPython包
• 建立框架类：框架类父类为wx.Frame
• 建立主程序：
  • 创建应用程序对象
  • 创建框架类对象
  • 显示框架
  • 开始事件循环
• 执行frame.Show(True)
• 执行app.MainLoop(),框架处理事件

7.1.1 Frame

• Frame也成为框架或窗体，是所有框体的父类
• 创建GUI程序框架时，需要继承wx.Frame派生出子类，在派生类中调用基类构造数进行必要的初始化
• 它的构造函数格式为

__init__(self, Windoww parent, int id=-1, String title = EmptyString, Point pos = DefaultPosition, Size size = DefaultSize, long style = DEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE, String name = FrameNameStr)

class MyFrame(wx.Frame):
    def __init__(self, superior):
        # 调用了父类的Frame函数
        wx.Frame.__init__(self, parent=superior, title=u'My First Form', size=(300, 300))
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_SIZE, self.OnSize)
        self.Bind(wx.EVT_MOVE, self.OnFrameMove)

        panel = wx.Panel(self, -1)
        label1 = wx.StaticText(panel, -1, "FrameSize:")
        label2 = wx.StaticText(panel, -1, "FramePos:")
        label3 = wx.StaticText(parent=panel, label='MousePos:')
        self.sizeFrame = wx.TextCtrl(panel, -1, '', style=wx.TE_READONLY)
        self.posFrame = wx.TextCtrl(panel, -1, '', style=wx.TE_READONLY)
        self.posMouse = wx.TextCtrl(panel, -1, '', style=wx.TE_READONLY)
        panel.Bind(wx.EVT_MOTION, self.OnMouseMove)
        self.panel = panel

        # Use some sizers for layout of the widgets
        sizer = wx.FlexGridSizer(3, 2, 5, 5)
        sizer.Add(label1)
        sizer.Add(self.sizeFrame)
        sizer.Add(label2)
        sizer.Add(self.posFrame)
        sizer.Add(label3)
        sizer.Add(self.posMouse)

        border = wx.BoxSizer()
        border.Add(sizer, 0, wx.ALL, 15)
        panel.SetSizerAndFit(border)
        self.Fit()

    def OnSize(self, event):
            size = event.GetSize()
            self.sizeFrame.SetValue("%s, %s" % (size.width, size.height))
            # tell the event system to continue looking for an event handler,
            # so the default handler will get called.
            event.Skip()

    def OnFrameMove(self, event):
            pos = event.GetPosition()
            self.posFrame.SetValue('%s, %s' % (pos.x, pos.y))

    def OnMouseMove(self, event):
            pos = event.GetPosition()
            self.posMouse.SetValue('%s, %s' % (pos.x, pos.y))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = wx.App()  # Create an instance of the application class
    frame = MyFrame(None)
    frame.Show(True)
    app.MainLoop()  # Tell it to start processing events