Linux下安装mysql

1:下载mysql安装包

        MySQL :: Download MySQL Community Server

2:上传到服务器

3:解压安装包

        tar -xvf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 

        将文件移动到mysql目录下

        mv /usr/software/mysql/mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* /usr/software/mysql/

        rm -rf mysql-8.0.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 

4:创建mysql用户组和用户

        groupadd mysql

        useradd -r -g mysql mysql

        

5:创建存储目录,并赋予权限

        mkdir data

        cd data/

        mkdir mysql

        chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/software/mysql/data/mysql

6:更改mysql配置文件my.cnf

        查看配置文件位置

                whereis my.cnf

                

        更改my.cnf                        ​

              

                [mysqld]
                bind-address=0.0.0.0
                port=3306
                user=mysql
                basedir=/usr/software/mysql
                datadir=/data/mysql
                socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
                #character config
                character_set_server=utf8mb4
                # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
                symbolic-links=0
                explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
                # Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
                # If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
                # customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
                # instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

                [mysqld_safe]
                log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err
                pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid

7:初始化数据库

        cd /usr/software/mysql/bin

        ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/software/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize

      

要记住选中的初始密码

8:设置开机自启

        1)将安装目录下的 support-files 目录下mysql.server复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql

                cp /usr/software/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

        2)复制后赋予权限

                chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

        3)添加到服务列表

                chkconfig --add mysql

         4)查看服务列表

                chkconfig --list

                345都是开或者是on表示成功， 如果是 关或者 off 则需要开启，执行以下命令

                chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on

   

9:启动服务

        service mysql start

        

 10:验证启动结果

        ps -ef | grep mysql

        

11:登录mysql

        1)跳转到mysql->bin目录下

        2)执行./mysql -u root -p        输入保存的密码

                

12:修改密码

        alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified with mysql_native_password by 'new_password';

        flush privileges;                        //刷新权限 

13:修改权限为所有人可连接

        1)use mysql;

        2)update user set host='%' where user = 'root'; 

14:开放mysql端口

        1)firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

        2)firewall-cmd --reload