docker 搭建 mysql 主从复制

源码地址

启动容器

docker-compose up -d --build

mysql 操作

master 操作

进入 mysql-master 容器。

docker exec -it mysql-master sh

查看容器 ip

cat /etc/hosts

创建用户

执行以下命令，创建用于同步的用户账号 rep，密码是 888888

mysql> CREATE USER 'rep'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '888888';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)

授权用户

执行以下命令，授权用户同步

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'rep'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.01 sec)

刷新权限

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)

查看同步状态

执行命令 show master status; 查看同步状态，如下，请关注下表的 File 和 Position 这两个字段的值

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB                                | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      745 |              | information_schema,mysql,performance_schema,sys |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+-------------------------------------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)

至此，master已经设置成功，接下来设置slave吧，

slave 操作

进入 mysql-slave 容器。

docker exec -it mysql-slave sh

设置主从同步的参数

CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.64.2', \
MASTER_USER='rep', \
MASTER_PASSWORD='888888', \
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002', \
MASTER_LOG_POS=745;

MASTER_HOST 是 master 的IP地址；

MASTER_USER 和 MASTER_PASSWORD 是 master 授权的同步账号和密码；

MASTER_LOG_FILE 是 master 的 bin log 文件名；

MASTER_LOG_POS 是 bin log 同步的位置；

启动同步

在MySQL命令行执行 start slave;

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)

查看同步状态

在MySQL命令行执行 show slave status\G

mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.64.2
                  Master_User: rep
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 745
               Relay_Log_File: 40fcf9eae6b2-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 320
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 745
              Relay_Log_Space: 534
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 01784cbe-746f-11ed-9ac0-0242c0a84002
             Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

检查以上信息中的 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 两个字段的值，如果都是Yes就表示同步启动成功，否则代表启动失败，Slave_SQL_Running_State 字段会说明失败原因；

至此，MySQL主从同步已经完成，接下来一起验证一下吧。

验证主从同步

master

进入 master 容器的 MySQL 命令行，执行以下四个命令，完成创建数据库、选择数据库、创建表、新增记录等操作

create database test001;

use test001;

CREATE TABLE `test_table` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

insert into test_table(name) values ('docker');

slave

进入 slave 容器的 MySQL 命令行，选择 test001 数据库，可以看到表 test_table 和记录都已经同步过来了

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| test001            |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use test001;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select * from test_table;
+----+-------+
| id | name  |
+----+-------+
|  1 | docker |
+----+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

遇到的问题

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)

解决方法：删除 /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock,重启容器

mysql: [Warning] World-writable config file ‘/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf’ is ignored.

解决方法：chmod 644 mysql.cnf

为什么 mysql.cnf 不使用 docker 数据卷 volumes 挂载？

volumes:
  - ./master/mysql.cnf:/etc/mysql/conf.d/mysql.cnf

原因：使用数据卷挂载之后会报错上面的问题二