python基础----基础数据类型（可变）--字典

# 字典 dict

# 以键值对的形式存在 key: value

# 字典中的键具有唯一性，不可重复

# 字典中的键必须是不可变数据类型（数字、字符串、元组）

# 字典的初始化

# 1.初始化一个字典并放入键值对

dict01 = {"name": "shen", "hobby": "python"}

# print(dict01)

# 2.初始化一个空字典

dict02 = {}

# print(dict02)

# 3.初始化一个字典并放入键值对

# l1 = ["name", "hobby"]

# l2 = ["zero", "python"]

# dict03 = dict(zip(l1, l2))

# print(dict03)

dict03 = dict([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])

字典的相关操作：

# 字典-查

# 1.使用键查值

dict04 = {"name": "zs", "hobby": ["python", "js", "c"], "age": 27, "sex": "GG"}

# print(dict04["hobby"][0])

# print(dict04["hobby1"]) # 键不存在会报错

# 2. dict.get()

# print(dict04.get("hobby"))

# print(dict04.get("hobby1")) # 不存在则返回None

# 字典-增 字典-改

dict05 = dict()

# 1.

# dict05["username"] = "admin"

# dict05["username"] = "admin1"

# dict05["password"] = "123456"

# print(dict05)

# 2. dict.update()

# dict05.update(username="zs")

# print(dict05)

# dict05.update([["hobby", "python"], ["k1", "v1"]])

# print(dict05)

# dict05.update({"k2": "v2"})

# print(dict05)

# 字典-删

dict06 = {"name": "zs", "hobby": ["python", "js", "c"], "age": 27, "sex": "GG"}

# 1. dict.pop() # 根据指定键删除

dict06.pop("sex")

# print(dict06)

# 2. dict.popitem() # 在python3.7以前是随机删除，现在是删除末尾

# dict06.popitem()

# print(dict06)

# 3. del

del dict06["age"]

# print(dict06)

# 4. dict.clear()

dict06.clear()

# print(dict06)

# 字典的其它操作

dict07 = {"name": "zs", "hobby": ["python", "js", "c"], "age": 27, "sex": "GG"}

# 1.成员运算

print("name" in dict07)

# 2.计算长度

print(len(dict07))

# 3.查看字典的键

print(list(dict07.keys()))

for k in dict07:

print(k)

# 4.查看字典所有的值

print(list(dict07.values()))

for v in dict07.values():

print(v)

# 5.查看字典的键和值

print(list(dict07.items()))

for k, v in dict07.items():

print(k, v)