centos7之磁盘配额

centos
磁盘配额管理

针对普通用户，根用户除外

实验步骤:
1,添加一块新硬盘，分一个区，mkfs.ext4格式化
    /dev/sdb1        /mnt/disk        ext4    rw,usrquota,grpquota

2，安装配额的工具
yum -y install quota

3，创建配额文件quotacheck -ug /mnt/disk/(-u是用户配额，g是组配额)挂载点，会在挂载点生产两个文件:aquota.group和aquota.user(用户配额)

4，编辑用户配额或者组配额
     edquota -u 用户|edquota -g 组

    例如：创建mike用户，设置密码，编辑用户配额

    blocks:文件大小限制
    soft：数量软限制（警告位：只警告，不限制）。
    hard：数量硬限制（限制位：直接限制）
    inodes：针对文件数量
    /dev/sdb1        0    0    0    5    10    /数量软限制

6，启动配额：quotaon -ug /mnt/disk
     关闭配额：quotaoff -ug /mnt/disk

7,用mike用户去验证（注意文件夹要有写入的权限：ls -l查看）        //如果权限不够，需要添加权限
chmod o+w        //其他人权限+w写入

磁盘配额是ext4文件系统的一个功能

Last login: Sat Dec 19 06:57:29 2020 from 10.1.19.9
[root@localhost ~]# cd /
[root@localhost /]# ls /dev/sd*        //查看硬盘
/dev/sda  /dev/sda1  /dev/sda2  /dev/sdb
[root@localhost /]# cd /dev
[root@localhost dev]# fdisk sdb        //硬盘分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x72875d3a.

Command (m for help): n                //创建分区
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p                    //主分区
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1       //区号
First sector (2048-2097151, default 2048):     //从哪里开始分区
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-2097151, default 2097151):  //回车代表全部分区
Using default value 2097151
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1023 MiB is set

Command (m for help): p                //查看分区

Disk sdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x72875d3a

Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
  sdb1            2048     2097151     1047552   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w                //保存并退出
The partition table has been altered!

# CentOS-Media.repo
#
#  This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
#  CentOS-7.  You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
#  DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
#  yum --enablerepo=c7-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
#  yum --disablerepo=\* --enablerepo=c7-media [command]

[c7-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///media/CentOS/
        file:///media/cdrom/
        file:///media/cdrecorder/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

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