修改表结构：修改字段，引擎，自增长值，添加删除默认值，主键及唯一

修改字段

1. ALTER TABLE tbl_name MODIFY 字段名称 字段类型[完整性约束条件] [FIRST/AFTER 字段名称]
   – 这种方法不能改变字段名称
   – 想要保持之前的完整性约束必须要把条件再重复一边
   – 这里我们将test5 修改为 CHAR(32) NOT NULL DEAFAULT 123 并且移动到 addr之后

mysql> DESC user10;
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| Field    | Type                            | Null | Key | Default             | Extra          |
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| test5    | int(11)                         | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| id       | int(10) unsigned                | NO   | PRI | NULL                | auto_increment |
| username | varchar(20)                     | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| password | char(32)                        | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| age      | tinyint(3) unsigned             | YES  |     | 18                  |                |
| addr     | varchar(50)                     | NO   |     | NY                  |                |
| email    | varchar(50)                     | NO   |     | zhouruc16@gmail.com |                |
| sex      | enum('MALE','FEMALE','UNKNOWN') | NO   |     | UNKNOWN             |                |
| salary   | float(6,2)                      | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
| regtime  | int(10) unsigned                | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
| face     | char(100)                       | NO   |     | default.jpg         |                |
| card     | char(18)                        | NO   | UNI | NULL                |                |
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER TABLE user10 MODIFY test5 CHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT "123" AFTER addr;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.31 sec)
mysql> DESC user10;
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| Field    | Type                            | Null | Key | Default             | Extra          |
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| id       | int(10) unsigned                | NO   | PRI | NULL                | auto_increment |
| username | varchar(20)                     | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| password | char(32)                        | NO   |     | NULL                |                |
| age      | tinyint(3) unsigned             | YES  |     | 18                  |                |
| addr     | varchar(50)                     | NO   |     | NY                  |                |
| test5    | char(32)                        | NO   |     | 123                 |                |
| email    | varchar(50)                     | NO   |     | zhouruc16@gmail.com |                |
| sex      | enum('MALE','FEMALE','UNKNOWN') | NO   |     | UNKNOWN             |                |
| salary   | float(6,2)                      | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
| regtime  | int(10) unsigned                | YES  |     | NULL                |                |
| face     | char(100)                       | NO   |     | default.jpg         |                |
| card     | char(18)                        | NO   | UNI | NULL                |                |
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)

– 这里我们把card字段移动到第一个位置，

mysql> ALTER TABLE user10 MODIFY card CHAR(18) FIRST;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (1.04 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> DESC user10;
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| Field    | Type                            | Null | Key | Default             | Extra          |
+----------+---------------------------------+------+-----+---------------------+----------------+
| card     | char(18