Linux系统下安装Nginx

本次安装基于Centos8 64位

资源准备

在安装nginx之前，确保我们的系统安装了gcc、gcc-c++、pcre-devel、zlib-devel、openssl-devel
Nginx下载地址：https://nginx.org/download/
安装的命令为：

yum -y install gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel

如果没安装有yum的，得先安装yum最新版
由于Centos8已经停止维护，所以其原来的镜像已经不能用了，所以我们要重新配置yum下载的镜像
1、进入目录 /etc/yum.repos.d

cd /etc/yum.repos.d 

2 替换 /etc/yum.repos.d 目录中的 CentOS-Base.repo 内容，替换为如下:

[base]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-8-stream - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[AppStream]
name=CentOS-8-stream - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

3、然后重现链接

yum clean all

yum makecache

安装步骤

好了，现在我们可以开始安装Nginx了
1、在用户目录下新建Nginx目录，把下载的Nginx压缩包存放到这里【使用Xftp进行传输，具体使用不再这里赘述】
2、解压Nginx压缩包

tar -zxvf nginx-1.20.2.tar.gz 

3、进入nginx目录

 cd nginx-1.20.2/

4、运行配置文件

#Linux安装的默认路径是/usr/local/
./configure

5、进行make命令

make
make install

【如果make命令显示没有找到次命令的话】，就进行重新安装make

yum -y install gcc automake autoconf libtool make

此时安装Nginx基本完成了,测试是否安装成功

#进入默认安装的目录
cd /usr/loca/nginx/
#测试是否安装成功
./sbin/nginx -t

安装成功的提示是这样的：

nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

但我们还要监测80端口是否启用了，要是没启用80端口的话，服务器会识别不到
1、查看80端口是否启用

firewall-cmd --query-port=80/tcp

2、开放80端口

firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent
#重启防火墙
systemctl restart firewalld

3、浏览器访问本机ip【80端口是默认的，不用追加:80】
结果如下：

此时可以看到Nginx已经安装成功