Java基础：常用类Compare

Compare类

• Comparable接口 自然排序

  1.像String、包装类等实现了Comparable接口，重写了compareTo()方法
  2.String、包装类重写了compareTo()方法后，进行了从小到大的排列

@Test
public void test(){
    String[] strings = {"aa", "bb", "dd", "cc"};

    Arrays.sort(strings);
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(strings));//[aa, bb, cc, dd]
}

• 非包装类的自定义类

  需要重写compareTo()方法

  /**
   * Created by KingsLanding on 2022/6/21 17:24
   */
  public class Book implements Comparable {
      private String name;
      private int price;
  
      public Book() {
      }
  
      public Book(String name, int price) {
          this.name = name;
          this.price = price;
      }
  
      public String getName() {
          return name;
      }
  
      public void setName(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
  
      public int getPrice() {
          return price;
      }
  
      public void setPrice(int price) {
          this.price = price;
      }
  
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "book{" +
                  "name='" + name + '\'' +
                  ", price=" + price +
                  '}';
      }
  
      
      @Override
      public int compareTo(Object o) {
          //instanceof关键字：判断左边对象是否是右边类的实例
          if(o instanceof Book){
              Book book= (Book)o;
              if (this.price > book.price) {
                  return 1;
              } else if (this.price < book.price) {
                  return -1;
              }else {
  
                  return this.name.compareTo(book.name);
              }
          }
  //        return 0;
          throw new RuntimeException("数据不匹配");
      }
  }
  

  /**
   * 自然排序 java.lang.Comparable
   */
  @Test
  public void test1(){
      Book[] books = new Book[4];
      books[0]=new Book("三体",50);
      books[1]=new Book("全频段断阻式干扰",40);
      books[2]=new Book("诗云",30);
      books[3]=new Book("aaaa",30);
  
      Arrays.sort(books);
      System.out.println(Arrays.toString(books));//[book{name='aaaa', price=30}, book{name='bbbb', price=30}, book{name='cccc', price=40}, book{name='dddd', price=50}]
  }
  

• Comparator 定制排序 ：java.util.Comparator
  1.背景

  • 当元素的类型没有实现java.lang.Comparable接口而又不方便修改代码

  • 或者实现了，但是该接口的排序规则不适合当前的操作，就可以使用Comparator的对象来排

  2.重写compare(Object o1,Object o2)方法，比较o1和o2的大小

  • 如果方法返回正整数，则表示o1>o2;
  • 如果返回0，表示相等
  • 如果返回负整数，表示o1<o2

• Comparable与Comparator使用对比

  • Comparable接口方式一旦确定，就保证Comparable接口实现类的对象在任何位置都可以比较大小

  • Comparator接口属于临时性的比较

    @Test
    public void test2(){
        Book[] books = new Book[4];
        books[0]=new Book("三体",50);
        books[1]=new Book("全频段断阻式干扰",40);
        books[2]=new Book("诗云",30);
        books[3]=new Book("aaaa",30);

        Arrays.sort(books, new Comparator<Book>() {
            //指明商品比较大小的方式，按照产品名称从低到高排序，再按照价格从高到低
            @Override
            public int compare(Book o1, Book o2) {
                if(o1.getName().equals(o2.getName())){
                    return -Integer.compare(o1.getPrice(),o2.getPrice());
                }else {
                    return o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName());
                }
            }
        });
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(books));
    }