JavaWeb_Filter、Listener过滤器、监听器的基本应用

Filter 过滤器

• Filter：过滤器，用来过滤网站的数据

  • 处理中文乱码
  • 登陆验证

• 开发步骤

  • 导包
  • 编写过滤器
  • 实现Filter接口，重写对应的方法即可

  package zy.filter;
  
  import javax.servlet.*;
  import java.io.IOException;
  
  public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
  
      //初始化：web服务器启动，就已经初始化了，随时等待对象出现
      public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
          System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
      }
  
      //Chain：链
      /*
      过滤器中所有代码，在过滤特定请求的时候都会执行
      必须要让过滤器继续同行
      chain.doFilter(request,response);
       */
      public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
          request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
          response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  
          System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前...");
          chain.doFilter(request,response);//让我们的请求继续走，如果不写，程序到这就停止了
          System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后...");
  
      }
  
      //销毁：web服务器关闭的时候，过滤器会销毁
      public void destroy() {
          System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
      }
  
  
  }
  
  

  • 配置web.xml

  <filter>
          <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
          <filter-class>zy.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
          <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
          <!--只要是/servlet 的任何请求，都会经过这个过滤器-->
          <url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
  

监听器

• 实现一个监听器的接口：（有N种）

  • 编写一个监听器步骤

    • 实现监听器的接口

    package zy.listener;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
    
    //统计网站在线人数，统计Session
    public class OnlineCountListener implements HttpSessionListener {
    
        //创建session监听
        //一旦创建Session就会触发一次这个事件
        public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {
            ServletContext ctx = se.getSession().getServletContext();
            Integer onlineCount = (Integer) ctx.getAttribute("OnlineCount");
    
            System.out.println(se.getSession().getId());
    
            if (onlineCount == null){
                onlineCount = new Integer(1);
            }else {
                int count = onlineCount.intValue();
                onlineCount = new Integer(count + 1);
            }
    
            ctx.setAttribute("OnlineCount",onlineCount);
        }
        //销毁session监听
        //一旦创建Session就会触发一次这个事件
        public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {
    
        }
    }
    
    

    • 配置web.xml,注册监听器

    <!--注册监听器-->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>zy.listener.OnlineCountListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    

    • 看情况是否使用

过滤器、监听器的常见应用

• 监听器：GUI编程中经常使用

package zy.listener;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowListener;

public class TestPanel {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("中秋节快乐");//新建一个窗体
        Panel panel = new Panel(null);//画板
        frame.setLayout(null);//设置窗体的布局

        frame.setBounds(300,300,500,500);
        frame.setBackground(Color.WHITE);//设置背景颜色

        panel.setBounds(50,50,300,300);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(0,0,0));

        frame.add(panel);

        frame.setVisible(true);

        //监听事件,监听关闭事件

        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
        /*frame.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() {
            @Override
            public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("打开");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("关闭ing");
                System.exit(0);//status为0 正常退出程序，status不为0  非正常退出程序
            }

            @Override
            public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("关闭ed");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("未激活");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                System.out.println("激活");
            }

            @Override
            public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) {

            }
        });*/


    }
}

• 用户登录之后才能进入主页，用户注销之后就不能进入主页了

  • 用户登录之后，向Session中放入用户的数据
  • 进入主页的时候要判断用户是否已经登录；要求在过滤器中实现

  package zy.filter;
  
  import zy.util.Constant;
  
  import javax.servlet.*;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
  import java.io.IOException;
  
  public class SysFilter implements Filter {
  
      @Override
      public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
  
      }
  
      @Override
      public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse resp, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
          //ServletRequest    HttpServletRequest
          HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
          HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) resp;
  
          if (request.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION) == null){
              response.sendRedirect("/error.jsp");
          }
  
          chain.doFilter(request,response);
  
      }
  
      @Override
      public void destroy() {
  
      }
  }
  
  

笔记

JavaWeb_Filter、Listener.md百度网盘链接
提取码: 8haa